String Processing

gstr provides powerful and convenient text processing components, with a large number of commonly used string processing methods built in, making it more comprehensive and rich compared to the Golang standard library, suitable for dealing with most business scenarios.

Usage :

import "github.com/gogf/gf/v2/text/gstr"

API Documentation :

https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/gogf/gf/v2/text/gstr

tip

The list of common methods below might be outdated compared to code updates with new features. For more methods and examples, please refer to the code documentation: https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/gogf/gf/v2/text/gstr

String Judgment

IsNumeric

• Description: IsNumeric verifies whether the string s is a number.

• Format:

IsNumeric(s string) bool

• Example:

func ExampleIsNumeric() {
      fmt.Println(gstr.IsNumeric("88"))
      fmt.Println(gstr.IsNumeric("3.1415926"))
      fmt.Println(gstr.IsNumeric("abc"))
      // Output:
      // true
      // true
      // false
}

String Length

LenRune

• Description: LenRune returns the length of a unicode string.

• Format:

LenRune(str string) int

• Example:

func ExampleLenRune() {
      var (
          str    = `GoFrame框架`
          result = gstr.LenRune(str)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // 9
}

String Creation

Repeat

• Description: Repeat returns a new string consisting of the input string repeated multiplier times.

• Format:

Repeat(input string, multiplier int) string

• Example:

func ExampleRepeat() {
      var (
          input      = `goframe `
          multiplier = 3
          result     = gstr.Repeat(input, multiplier)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // goframe goframe goframe
}

Case Conversion

ToLower

• Description: ToLower converts all Unicode characters in s to lowercase and returns its copy.

• Format:

ToLower(s string) string

• Example:

func ExampleToLower() {
      var (
          s      = `GOFRAME`
          result = gstr.ToLower(s)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // goframe
}

ToUpper

• Description: ToUpper converts all Unicode characters in s to uppercase and returns its copy.

• Format:

ToUpper(s string) string

• Example:

func ExampleToUpper() {
      var (
          s      = `goframe`
          result = gstr.ToUpper(s)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // GOFRAME
}

UcFirst

• Description: UcFirst capitalizes the first character of s and returns its copy.

• Format:

UcFirst(s string) string

• Example:

func ExampleUcFirst() {
      var (
          s      = `hello`
          result = gstr.UcFirst(s)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // Hello
}

LcFirst

• Description: LcFirst converts the first character of s to lowercase and returns its copy.

• Format:

LcFirst(s string) string

• Example:

func ExampleLcFirst() {
      var (
          str    = `Goframe`
          result = gstr.LcFirst(str)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // goframe
}

UcWords

• Description: UcWords capitalizes the first character of each word in the string str.

• Format:

UcWords(str string) string

• Example:

func ExampleUcWords() {
      var (
          str    = `hello world`
          result = gstr.UcWords(str)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // Hello World
}

IsLetterLower

• Description: IsLetterLower verifies whether the given character b is lowercase.

• Format:

IsLetterLower(b byte) bool

• Example:

func ExampleIsLetterLower() {
      fmt.Println(gstr.IsLetterLower('a'))
      fmt.Println(gstr.IsLetterLower('A'))

      // Output:
      // true
      // false
}

IsLetterUpper

• Description: IsLetterUpper verifies whether the character b is uppercase.

• Format:

IsLetterUpper(b byte) bool

• Example:

func ExampleIsLetterUpper() {
      fmt.Println(gstr.IsLetterUpper('A'))
      fmt.Println(gstr.IsLetterUpper('a'))

      // Output:
      // true
      // false
}

String Comparison

Compare

• Description: Compare returns an integer comparing two strings lexicographically. If a == b, it returns 0; if a < b, it returns -1; if a > b, it returns +1.

• Format:

Compare(a, b string) int

• Example:

func ExampleCompare() {
      fmt.Println(gstr.Compare("c", "c"))
      fmt.Println(gstr.Compare("a", "b"))
      fmt.Println(gstr.Compare("c", "b"))

      // Output:
      // 0
      // -1
      // 1
}

Equal

• Description: Equal returns whether a and b are equal, case-insensitively.

• Format:

Equal(a, b string) bool

• Example:

func ExampleEqual() {
      fmt.Println(gstr.Equal(`A`, `a`))
      fmt.Println(gstr.Equal(`A`, `A`))
      fmt.Println(gstr.Equal(`A`, `B`))

      // Output:
      // true
      // true
      // false
}

Split and Join

Split

• Description: Split splits str into []string using delimiter.

• Format:

Split(str, delimiter string) []string

• Example:

func ExampleSplit() {
      var (
          str       = `a|b|c|d`
          delimiter = `|`
          result    = gstr.Split(str, delimiter)
      )
      fmt.Printf(`%#v`, result)

      // Output:
      // []string{"a", "b", "c", "d"}
}

SplitAndTrim

• Description: SplitAndTrim splits str into []string using delimiter and calls Trim on each element of []string, ignoring elements that are empty after Trim.

• Format:

SplitAndTrim(str, delimiter string, characterMask ...string) []string

• Example:

func ExampleSplitAndTrim() {
      var (
          str       = `a|b|||||c|d`
          delimiter = `|`
          result    = gstr.SplitAndTrim(str, delimiter)
      )
      fmt.Printf(`%#v`, result)

      // Output:
      // []string{"a", "b", "c", "d"}
}

Join

• Description: Join concatenates each element of array into a new string. The parameter sep is used as the separator for the new string.

• Format:

Join(array []string, sep string) string

• Example:

func ExampleJoin() {
      var (
          array  = []string{"goframe", "is", "very", "easy", "to", "use"}
          sep    = ` `
          result = gstr.Join(array, sep)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // goframe is very easy to use
}

JoinAny

• Description: JoinAny concatenates each element of array into a new string. The parameter sep is used as the separator for the new string. The parameter array can be of any type.

• Format:

JoinAny(array interface{}, sep string) string

• Example:

func ExampleJoinAny() {
      var (
          sep    = `,`
          arr2   = []int{99, 73, 85, 66}
          result = gstr.JoinAny(arr2, sep)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // 99,73,85,66
}

Explode

• Description: Explode splits str into []string using the delimiter delimiter.

• Format:

Explode(delimiter, str string) []string

• Example:

func ExampleExplode() {
      var (
          str       = `Hello World`
          delimiter = " "
          result    = gstr.Explode(delimiter, str)
      )
      fmt.Printf(`%#v`, result)

      // Output:
      // []string{"Hello", "World"}
}

Implode

• Description: Implode joins each element of the pieces string array using glue.

• Format:

Implode(glue string, pieces []string) string

• Example:

func ExampleImplode() {
      var (
          pieces = []string{"goframe", "is", "very", "easy", "to", "use"}
          glue   = " "
          result = gstr.Implode(glue, pieces)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // goframe is very easy to use
}

ChunkSplit

• Description: ChunkSplit splits the string into smaller chunks of chunkLen and joins each chunk with end.

• Format:

ChunkSplit(body string, chunkLen int, end string) string

• Example:

func ExampleChunkSplit() {
      var (
          body     = `1234567890`
          chunkLen = 2
          end      = "#"
          result   = gstr.ChunkSplit(body, chunkLen, end)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // 12#34#56#78#90#
}

Fields

• Description: Fields returns []string representing each word in the string.

• Format:

Fields(str string) []string

• Example:

func ExampleFields() {
      var (
          str    = `Hello World`
          result = gstr.Fields(str)
      )
      fmt.Printf(`%#v`, result)

      // Output:
      // []string{"Hello", "World"}
}

Escape Processing

AddSlashes

• Description: AddSlashes adds an escape character '\' before the symbols in the string.

• Format:

AddSlashes(str string) string

• Example:

func ExampleAddSlashes() {
      var (
          str    = `'aa'"bb"cc\r\n\d\t`
          result = gstr.AddSlashes(str)
      )

      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // \'aa\'\"bb\"cc\\r\\n\\d\\t
}

StripSlashes

• Description: StripSlashes removes the escape characters '\' from string str.

• Format:

StripSlashes(str string) string

• Example:

func ExampleStripSlashes() {
      var (
          str    = `C:\\windows\\GoFrame\\test`
          result = gstr.StripSlashes(str)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // C:\windows\GoFrame\test
}

QuoteMeta

• Description: QuoteMeta adds an escape character '\' before each character in str among ‘ \ + * ? [ ^ ] ( $ ).

• Format:

QuoteMeta(str string, chars ...string) string

• Example:

func ExampleQuoteMeta() {
      {
          var (
              str    = `.\+?[^]()`
              result = gstr.QuoteMeta(str)
          )
          fmt.Println(result)
      }
      {
          var (
              str    = `https://goframe.org/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=1114327`
              result = gstr.QuoteMeta(str)
          )
          fmt.Println(result)
      }

      // Output:
      // \.\\\+\?\[\^\]\(\)
      // https://goframe\.org/pages/viewpage\.action\?pageId=1114327

}

Count Statistics

Count

• Description: Count calculates the number of times substr occurs in s. If substr is not found in s, it returns 0.

• Format:

Count(s, substr string) int

• Example:

func ExampleCount() {
      var (
          str     = `goframe is very, very easy to use`
          substr1 = "goframe"
          substr2 = "very"
          result1 = gstr.Count(str, substr1)
          result2 = gstr.Count(str, substr2)
      )
      fmt.Println(result1)
      fmt.Println(result2)

      // Output:
      // 1
      // 2
}

CountI

• Description: Count calculates the number of times substr occurs in s, case-insensitively. If not found, returns 0.

• Format:

CountI(s, substr string) int

• Example:

func ExampleCountI() {
      var (
          str     = `goframe is very, very easy to use`
          substr1 = "GOFRAME"
          substr2 = "VERY"
          result1 = gstr.CountI(str, substr1)
          result2 = gstr.CountI(str, substr2)
      )
      fmt.Println(result1)
      fmt.Println(result2)

      // Output:
      // 1
      // 2
}

CountWords

• Description: CountWords returns a map[string]int with statistics of words used in str.

• Format:

CountWords(str string) map[string]int

• Example:

func ExampleCountWords() {
      var (
          str    = `goframe is very, very easy to use!`
          result = gstr.CountWords(str)
      )
      fmt.Printf(`%#v`, result)

      // Output:
      // map[string]int{"easy":1, "goframe":1, "is":1, "to":1, "use!":1, "very":1, "very,":1}
}

CountChars

• Description: CountChars returns statistics of characters used in str as map[string]int. The noSpace parameter controls whether to count spaces.

• Format:

CountChars(str string, noSpace ...bool) map[string]int

• Example:

func ExampleCountChars() {
      var (
          str    = `goframe`
          result = gstr.CountChars(str)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // May Output:
      // map[a:1 e:1 f:1 g:1 m:1 o:1 r:1]
}

Array Processing

SearchArray

• Description: SearchArray searches string 's' in []string 'a' case-sensitively and returns its index in 'a'. If 's' is not found, it returns -1.

• Format:

SearchArray(a []string, s string) int

• Example:

func ExampleSearchArray() {
      var (
          array  = []string{"goframe", "is", "very", "nice"}
          str    = `goframe`
          result = gstr.SearchArray(array, str)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // 0
}

InArray

• Description: InArray verifies whether the []string 'a' contains the string ' s '.

• Format:

InArray(a []string, s string) bool

• Example:

func ExampleInArray() {
      var (
          a      = []string{"goframe", "is", "very", "easy", "to", "use"}
          s      = "goframe"
          result = gstr.InArray(a, s)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // true
}

PrefixArray

• Description: PrefixArray adds the prefix 'prefix' to each string in []string array.

• Format:

PrefixArray(array []string, prefix string)

• Example:

func ExamplePrefixArray() {
      var (
          strArray = []string{"tom", "lily", "john"}
      )

      gstr.PrefixArray(strArray, "classA_")

      fmt.Println(strArray)

      // Output:
      // [classA_tom classA_lily classA_john]
}

Naming Conversion

CaseCamel

• Description: CaseCamel converts a string to a camel case format (capitalize the first letter).

• Format:

CaseCamel(s string) string

• Example:

func ExampleCaseCamel() {
      var (
          str    = `hello world`
          result = gstr.CaseCamel(str)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // HelloWorld
}

CaseCamelLower

• Description: CaseCamelLower converts a string to camel case format (lowercase the first letter).

• Format:

CaseCamelLower(s string) string

• Example:

func ExampleCaseCamelLower() {
      var (
          str    = `hello world`
          result = gstr.CaseCamelLower(str)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // helloWorld
}

CaseSnake

• Description: CaseSnake replaces symbols (underscore, space, dot, hyphen) in a string with underscores (_) and converts all to lowercase.

• Format:

CaseSnake(s string) string

• Example:

func ExampleCaseSnake() {
      var (
          str    = `hello world`
          result = gstr.CaseSnake(str)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // hello_world
}

CaseSnakeScreaming

• Description: CaseSnakeScreaming replaces symbols (underscore, space, dot, hyphen) in a string with underscores ('_') and converts all letters to uppercase.

• Format:

CaseSnakeScreaming(s string) string

• Example:

func ExampleCaseSnakeScreaming() {
      var (
          str    = `hello world`
          result = gstr.CaseSnakeScreaming(str)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // HELLO_WORLD
}

CaseSnakeFirstUpper

• Description: CaseSnakeFirstUpper converts uppercase letters to lowercase and adds an underscore '_' before them, except the first uppercase letter, which is only converted to lowercase without an underscore.

• Format:

CaseSnakeFirstUpper(word string, underscore ...string) string

• Example:

func ExampleCaseSnakeFirstUpper() {
      var (
          str    = `RGBCodeMd5`
          result = gstr.CaseSnakeFirstUpper(str)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // rgb_code_md5
}

CaseKebab

• Description: CaseKebab replaces symbols (underscore, space, dot,) in a string with hyphens ('-') and converts all to lowercase.

• Format:

CaseKebab(s string) string

• Example:

func ExampleCaseKebab() {
      var (
          str    = `hello world`
          result = gstr.CaseKebab(str)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // hello-world
}

CaseKebabScreaming

• Description: CaseKebabScreaming replaces symbols (underscore, space, dot, hyphen) in a string with hyphens ('-') and converts all to uppercase.

• Format:

CaseKebabScreaming(s string) string

• Example:

func ExampleCaseKebabScreaming() {
      var (
          str    = `hello world`
          result = gstr.CaseKebabScreaming(str)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // HELLO-WORLD
}

CaseDelimited

• Description: CaseDelimited replaces symbols in a string based on specified delimiters.

• Format:

CaseDelimited(s string, del byte) string

• Example:

func ExampleCaseDelimited() {
      var (
          str    = `hello world`
          del    = byte('-')
          result = gstr.CaseDelimited(str, del)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // hello-world
}

CaseDelimitedScreaming

• Description: CaseDelimitedScreaming replaces symbols (space, underscore, dot, hyphen) in a string with the second parameter delimiter, converting to uppercase if the third parameter is true, or to lowercase if false.

• Format:

CaseDelimitedScreaming(s string, del uint8, screaming bool) string

• Example:

func ExampleCaseDelimitedScreaming() {
      {
          var (
              str    = `hello world`
              del    = byte('-')
              result = gstr.CaseDelimitedScreaming(str, del, true)
          )
          fmt.Println(result)
      }
      {
          var (
              str    = `hello world`
              del    = byte('-')
              result = gstr.CaseDelimitedScreaming(str, del, false)
          )
          fmt.Println(result)
      }

      // Output:
      // HELLO-WORLD
      // hello-world
}

Contains Check

Contains

• Description: Contains returns whether the string str contains the substring substr, case-sensitively.

• Format:

Contains(str, substr string) bool

• Example:

func ExampleContains() {
      {
          var (
              str    = `Hello World`
              substr = `Hello`
              result = gstr.Contains(str, substr)
          )
          fmt.Println(result)
      }
      {
          var (
              str    = `Hello World`
              substr = `hello`
              result = gstr.Contains(str, substr)
          )
          fmt.Println(result)
      }

      // Output:
      // true
      // false
}

ContainsI

• Description: ContainsI verifies whether substr is in str, case-insensitively.

• Format:

ContainsI(str, substr string) bool

• Example:

func ExampleContainsI() {
      var (
          str     = `Hello World`
          substr  = "hello"
          result1 = gstr.Contains(str, substr)
          result2 = gstr.ContainsI(str, substr)
      )
      fmt.Println(result1)
      fmt.Println(result2)

      // Output:
      // false
      // true
}

ContainsAny

• Description: ContainsAny verifies whether s contains chars.

• Format:

ContainsAny(s, chars string) bool

• Example:

func ExampleContainsAny() {
      {
          var (
              s      = `goframe`
              chars  = "g"
              result = gstr.ContainsAny(s, chars)
          )
          fmt.Println(result)
      }
      {
          var (
              s      = `goframe`
              chars  = "G"
              result = gstr.ContainsAny(s, chars)
          )
          fmt.Println(result)
      }

      // Output:
      // true
      // false
}

String Conversion

Chr

• Description: Chr returns the ascii character string for a number 0-255.

• Format:

Chr(ascii int) string

• Example:

func ExampleChr() {
      var (
          ascii  = 65 // A
          result = gstr.Chr(ascii)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // A
}

Ord

• Description: Ord converts the first byte of a string to a value between 0-255.

• Format:

Ord(char string) int

• Example:

func ExampleOrd() {
      var (
          str    = `goframe`
          result = gstr.Ord(str)
      )

      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // 103
}

OctStr

• Description: OctStr converts an octal string in str to its original string form.

• Format:

OctStr(str string) string

• Example:

func ExampleOctStr() {
      var (
          str    = `\346\200\241`
          result = gstr.OctStr(str)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // 怡
}

Reverse

• Description: Reverse returns the reversed string of str.

• Format:

Reverse(str string) string

• Example:

func ExampleReverse() {
      var (
          str    = `123456`
          result = gstr.Reverse(str)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // 654321
}

NumberFormat

• Description: NumberFormat formats a number with thousand separators.

  • Parameter decimal sets the number of decimal points.
  • Parameter decPoint sets the decimal point separator.
  • Parameter thousand sets the thousand separator.
  • Format:

NumberFormat(number float64, decimals int, decPoint, thousandsSep string) string

• Example:

func ExampleNumberFormat() {
      var (
          number       float64 = 123456
          decimals             = 2
          decPoint             = "."
          thousandsSep         = ","
          result               = gstr.NumberFormat(number, decimals, decPoint, thousandsSep)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // 123,456.00
}

Shuffle

• Description: Shuffle returns a randomly shuffled version of str.

• Format:

Shuffle(str string) string

• Example:

func ExampleShuffle() {
      var (
          str    = `123456`
          result = gstr.Shuffle(str)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // May Output:
      // 563214
}

HideStr

• Description: HideStr converts a percentage percent of characters in str, starting from the middle, to the hide string.

• Format:

HideStr(str string, percent int, hide string) string

• Example:

func ExampleHideStr() {
      var (
          str     = `13800138000`
          percent = 40
          hide    = `*`
          result  = gstr.HideStr(str, percent, hide)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // 138****8000
}

Nl2Br

• Description: Nl2Br inserts HTML line break (' br ' |<br />) before all newline characters in a string: \n\r, \r\n, \r, \n.

• Format:

Nl2Br(str string, isXhtml ...bool) string

• Example:

func ExampleNl2Br() {
      var (
          str = `goframe
is
very
easy
to
use`
          result = gstr.Nl2Br(str)
      )

      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // goframe<br>is<br>very<br>easy<br>to<br>use
}

WordWrap

• Description: WordWrap uses line breaks to wrap str to a given number of characters (without splitting words).

• Format:

WordWrap(str string, width int, br string) string

• Example:

func ExampleWordWrap() {
      {
          var (
              str    = `A very long woooooooooooooooooord. and something`
              width  = 8
              br     = "\n"
              result = gstr.WordWrap(str, width, br)
          )
          fmt.Println(result)
      }
      {
          var (
              str    = `The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog.`
              width  = 20
              br     = "<br />\n"
              result = gstr.WordWrap(str, width, br)
          )
          fmt.Printf("%v", result)
      }

      // Output:
      // A very
      // long
      // woooooooooooooooooord.
      // and
      // something
      // The quick brown fox<br />
      // jumped over the lazy<br />
      // dog.
}

Domain Processing

IsSubDomain

• Description: IsSubDomain verifies whether subDomain is a subdomain of mainDomain. Supports '*' in mainDomain.

• Format:

IsSubDomain(subDomain string, mainDomain string) bool

• Example:

func ExampleIsSubDomain() {
      var (
          subDomain  = `s.goframe.org`
          mainDomain = `goframe.org`
          result     = gstr.IsSubDomain(subDomain, mainDomain)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // true
}

Parameter Parsing

Parse

• Description: Parse parses a string and returns it as map[string]interface{}.

• Format:

Parse(s string) (result map[string]interface{}, err error)

• Example:

func ExampleParse() {
      {
          var (
              str       = `v1=m&v2=n`
              result, _ = gstr.Parse(str)
          )
          fmt.Println(result)
      }
      {
          var (
              str       = `v[a][a]=m&v[a][b]=n`
              result, _ = gstr.Parse(str)
          )
          fmt.Println(result)
      }
      {
          // The form of nested Slice is not yet supported.
          var str = `v[][]=m&v[][]=n`
          result, err := gstr.Parse(str)
          if err != nil {
              panic(err)
          }
          fmt.Println(result)
      }
      {
          // This will produce an error.
          var str = `v=m&v[a]=n`
          result, err := gstr.Parse(str)
          if err != nil {
              println(err)
          }
          fmt.Println(result)
      }
      {
          var (
              str       = `a .[[b=c`
              result, _ = gstr.Parse(str)
          )
          fmt.Println(result)
      }

      // May Output:
      // map[v1:m v2:n]
      // map[v:map[a:map[a:m b:n]]]
      // map[v:map[]]
      // Error: expected type 'map[string]interface{}' for key 'v', but got 'string'
      // map[]
      // map[a___[b:c]
}

Position Finding

Pos

• Description: Pos returns the first occurrence of needle in haystack, case-sensitively. If not found, returns -1.

• Format:

Pos(haystack, needle string, startOffset ...int) int

• Example:

func ExamplePos() {
      var (
          haystack = `Hello World`
          needle   = `World`
          result   = gstr.Pos(haystack, needle)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // 6
}

PosRune

• Description: PosRune functions similarly to Pos, but supports haystack and needle as unicode strings.

• Format:

PosRune(haystack, needle string, startOffset ...int) int

• Example:

func ExamplePosRune() {
      var (
          haystack = `GoFrame是一款模块化、高性能、企业级的Go基础开发框架`
          needle   = `Go`
          posI     = gstr.PosRune(haystack, needle)
          posR     = gstr.PosRRune(haystack, needle)
      )
      fmt.Println(posI)
      fmt.Println(posR)

      // Output:
      // 0
      // 22
}

PosI

• Description: PosI returns the first occurrence of needle in haystack, case-insensitively. If not found, returns -1.

• Format:

PosI(haystack, needle string, startOffset ...int) int

• Example:

func ExamplePosI() {
      var (
          haystack = `goframe is very, very easy to use`
          needle   = `very`
          posI     = gstr.PosI(haystack, needle)
          posR     = gstr.PosR(haystack, needle)
      )
      fmt.Println(posI)
      fmt.Println(posR)

      // Output:
      // 11
      // 17
}

PosRuneI

• Description: PosRuneI functions similarly to PosI, but supports haystack and needle as unicode strings.

• Format:

PosIRune(haystack, needle string, startOffset ...int) int

• Example:

func ExamplePosIRune() {
      {
          var (
              haystack    = `GoFrame是一款模块化、高性能、企业级的Go基础开发框架`
              needle      = `高性能`
              startOffset = 10
              result      = gstr.PosIRune(haystack, needle, startOffset)
          )
          fmt.Println(result)
      }
      {
          var (
              haystack    = `GoFrame是一款模块化、高性能、企业级的Go基础开发框架`
              needle      = `高性能`
              startOffset = 30
              result      = gstr.PosIRune(haystack, needle, startOffset)
          )
          fmt.Println(result)
      }

      // Output:
      // 14
      // -1
}

PosR

• Description: PosR returns the last occurrence of needle in haystack, case-sensitively. If not found, returns -1.

• Format:

PosR(haystack, needle string, startOffset ...int) int

• Example:

func ExamplePosR() {
      var (
          haystack = `goframe is very, very easy to use`
          needle   = `very`
          posI     = gstr.PosI(haystack, needle)
          posR     = gstr.PosR(haystack, needle)
      )
      fmt.Println(posI)
      fmt.Println(posR)

      // Output:
      // 11
      // 17
}

PosRuneR

• Description: PosRuneR functions similarly to PosR, but supports haystack and needle as unicode strings.

• Format:

PosRRune(haystack, needle string, startOffset ...int) int

• Example:

func ExamplePosRRune() {
      var (
          haystack = `GoFrame是一款模块化、高性能、企业级的Go基础开发框架`
          needle   = `Go`
          posI     = gstr.PosIRune(haystack, needle)
          posR     = gstr.PosRRune(haystack, needle)
      )
      fmt.Println(posI)
      fmt.Println(posR)

      // Output:
      // 0
      // 22
}

PosRI

• Description: PosRI returns the last occurrence of needle in haystack, case-insensitively. If not found, returns -1.

• Format:

PosRI(haystack, needle string, startOffset ...int) int

• Example:

func ExamplePosRI() {
      var (
          haystack = `goframe is very, very easy to use`
          needle   = `VERY`
          posI     = gstr.PosI(haystack, needle)
          posR     = gstr.PosRI(haystack, needle)
      )
      fmt.Println(posI)
      fmt.Println(posR)

      // Output:
      // 11
      // 17
}

PosRIRune

• Description: PosRIRune functions similarly to PosRI, but supports haystack and needle as unicode strings.

• Format:

PosRIRune(haystack, needle string, startOffset ...int) int

• Example:

func ExamplePosRIRune() {
      var (
          haystack = `GoFrame是一款模块化、高性能、企业级的Go基础开发框架`
          needle   = `GO`
          posI     = gstr.PosIRune(haystack, needle)
          posR     = gstr.PosRIRune(haystack, needle)
      )
      fmt.Println(posI)
      fmt.Println(posR)

      // Output:
      // 0
      // 22
}

Find and Replace

Replace

• Description: Replace returns a new string where search in origin is replaced by replace. search is case-sensitive.

• Format:

Replace(origin, search, replace string, count ...int) string

• Example:

func ExampleReplace() {
      var (
          origin  = `golang is very nice!`
          search  = `golang`
          replace = `goframe`
          result  = gstr.Replace(origin, search, replace)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // goframe is very nice!
}

ReplaceI

• Description: ReplaceI returns a new string where search in origin is replaced by replace. search is case-insensitive.

• Format:

ReplaceI(origin, search, replace string, count ...int) string

• Example:

func ExampleReplaceI() {
      var (
          origin  = `golang is very nice!`
          search  = `GOLANG`
          replace = `goframe`
          result  = gstr.ReplaceI(origin, search, replace)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // goframe is very nice!
}

ReplaceByArray

• Description: ReplaceByArray returns a new string where origin is sequentially replaced with pairs (search, replace) from an array, case-sensitively.

• Format:

ReplaceByArray(origin string, array []string) string

• Example:

func ExampleReplaceByArray() {
      {
          var (
              origin = `golang is very nice`
              array  = []string{"lang", "frame"}
              result = gstr.ReplaceByArray(origin, array)
          )
          fmt.Println(result)
      }
      {
          var (
              origin = `golang is very good`
              array  = []string{"golang", "goframe", "good", "nice"}
              result = gstr.ReplaceByArray(origin, array)
          )
          fmt.Println(result)
      }

      // Output:
      // goframe is very nice
      // goframe is very nice
}

ReplaceIByArray

• Description: ReplaceIByArray returns a new string where origin is sequentially replaced with pairs (search, replace) from an array, case-insensitively.

• Format:

ReplaceIByArray(origin string, array []string) string

• Example:

func ExampleReplaceIByArray() {
      var (
          origin = `golang is very Good`
          array  = []string{"Golang", "goframe", "GOOD", "nice"}
          result = gstr.ReplaceIByArray(origin, array)
      )

      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // goframe is very nice
}

ReplaceByMap

• Description: ReplaceByMap returns a new string where keys in map are replaced with values in origin, case-sensitively.

• Format:

ReplaceByMap(origin string, replaces map[string]string) string

• Example:

func ExampleReplaceByMap() {
      {
          var (
              origin   = `golang is very nice`
              replaces = map[string]string{
                  "lang": "frame",
              }
              result = gstr.ReplaceByMap(origin, replaces)
          )
          fmt.Println(result)
      }
      {
          var (
              origin   = `golang is very good`
              replaces = map[string]string{
                  "golang": "goframe",
                  "good":   "nice",
              }
              result = gstr.ReplaceByMap(origin, replaces)
          )
          fmt.Println(result)
      }

      // Output:
      // goframe is very nice
      // goframe is very nice
}

ReplaceIByMap

• Description: ReplaceIByMap returns a new string where keys in map are replaced with values in origin, case-insensitively.

• Format:

ReplaceIByMap(origin string, replaces map[string]string) string

• Example:

func ExampleReplaceIByMap() {
      var (
          origin   = `golang is very nice`
          replaces = map[string]string{
              "Lang": "frame",
          }
          result = gstr.ReplaceIByMap(origin, replaces)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // goframe is very nice
}

Substring Extraction

Str

• Description: Str returns the substring from the first occurrence of needle to the end of haystack (including needle itself).

• Format:

Str(haystack string, needle string) string

• Example:

func ExampleStr() {
      var (
          haystack = `xxx.jpg`
          needle   = `.`
          result   = gstr.Str(haystack, needle)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // .jpg
}

StrEx

• Description: StrEx returns the substring from the first occurrence of needle to the end of haystack (excluding needle itself).

• Format:

StrEx(haystack string, needle string) string

• Example:

func ExampleStrEx() {
      var (
          haystack = `https://goframe.org/index.html?a=1&b=2`
          needle   = `?`
          result   = gstr.StrEx(haystack, needle)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // a=1&b=2
}

StrTill

• Description: StrTill returns the substring from the start of haystack to the first occurrence of needle (including needle itself).

• Format:

StrTill(haystack string, needle string) string

• Example:

func ExampleStrTill() {
      var (
          haystack = `https://goframe.org/index.html?test=123456`
          needle   = `?`
          result   = gstr.StrTill(haystack, needle)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // https://goframe.org/index.html?
}

StrTillEx

• Description: StrTillEx returns the substring from the start of haystack to the first occurrence of needle (excluding needle itself).

• Format:

StrTillEx(haystack string, needle string) string

• Example:

func ExampleStrTillEx() {
      var (
          haystack = `https://goframe.org/index.html?test=123456`
          needle   = `?`
          result   = gstr.StrTillEx(haystack, needle)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // https://goframe.org/index.html
}

SubStr

• Description: SubStr returns a new substring from str starting at start with length length. Parameter length is optional and defaults to the length of str.

• Format:

SubStr(str string, start int, length ...int) (substr string)

• Example:

func ExampleSubStr() {
      var (
          str    = `1234567890`
          start  = 0
          length = 4
          subStr = gstr.SubStr(str, start, length)
      )
      fmt.Println(subStr)

      // Output:
      // 1234
}

SubStrRune

• Description: SubStrRune returns a new substring from unicode string str starting at start with length length. Parameter length is optional and defaults to the length of str.

• Format:

SubStrRune(str string, start int, length ...int) (substr string)

• Example:

func ExampleSubStrRune() {
      var (
          str    = `GoFrame是一款模块化、高性能、企业级的Go基础开发框架。`
          start  = 14
          length = 3
          subStr = gstr.SubStrRune(str, start, length)
      )
      fmt.Println(subStr)

      // Output:
      // 高性能
}

StrLimit

• Description: StrLimit takes a substring from the beginning of str with length length, adds suffix..., and returns the new string.

• Format:

StrLimit(str string, length int, suffix ...string) string

• Example:

func ExampleStrLimit() {
      var (
          str    = `123456789`
          length = 3
          suffix = `...`
          result = gstr.StrLimit(str, length, suffix)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // 123...
}

StrLimitRune

• Description: StrLimitRune takes a substring from the beginning of unicode string str with length length, adds suffix..., and returns the new string.

• Format:

StrLimitRune(str string, length int, suffix ...string) string

• Example:

func ExampleStrLimitRune() {
      var (
          str    = `GoFrame是一款模块化、高性能、企业级的Go基础开发框架。`
          length = 17
          suffix = "..."
          result = gstr.StrLimitRune(str, length, suffix)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // GoFrame是一款模块化、高性能...
}

SubStrFrom

• Description: SubStrFrom returns the substring from the first occurrence of need to the end of str (including need).

• Format:

SubStrFrom(str string, need string) (substr string)

• Example:

func ExampleSubStrFrom() {
      var (
          str  = "我爱GoFrameGood"
          need = `爱`
      )

      fmt.Println(gstr.SubStrFrom(str, need))

      // Output:
      // 爱GoFrameGood
}

SubStrFromEx

• Description: SubStrFromEx returns the substring from the first occurrence of need to the end of str (excluding need).

• Format:

SubStrFromEx(str string, need string) (substr string)

• Example:

func ExampleSubStrFromEx() {
      var (
          str  = "我爱GoFrameGood"
          need = `爱`
      )

      fmt.Println(gstr.SubStrFromEx(str, need))

      // Output:
      // GoFrameGood
}

SubStrFromR

• Description: SubStrFromR returns the substring from the last occurrence of need to the end of str (including need).

• Format:

SubStrFromR(str string, need string) (substr string)

• Example:

func ExampleSubStrFromR() {
      var (
          str  = "我爱GoFrameGood"
          need = `Go`
      )

      fmt.Println(gstr.SubStrFromR(str, need))

      // Output:
      // Good
}

SubStrFromREx

• Description: SubStrFromREx returns the substring from the last occurrence of need to the end of str (excluding need).

• Format:

SubStrFromREx(str string, need string) (substr string)

• Example:

func ExampleSubStrFromREx() {
      var (
          str  = "我爱GoFrameGood"
          need = `Go`
      )

      fmt.Println(gstr.SubStrFromREx(str, need))

      // Output:
      // od
}

Character/Substring Filtering

Trim

• Description: Trim removes spaces (or other characters) from the beginning and end of a string. The optional parameter characterMask specifies additional characters to trim.

• Format:

Trim(str string, characterMask ...string) string

• Example:

func ExampleTrim() {
      var (
          str           = `*Hello World*`
          characterMask = "*d"
          result        = gstr.Trim(str, characterMask)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // Hello Worl
}

TrimStr

• Description: TrimStr removes all cut strings from the beginning and end of a string (does not remove leading or trailing whitespace).

• Format:

TrimStr(str string, cut string, count ...int) string

• Example:

func ExampleTrimStr() {
      var (
          str    = `Hello World`
          cut    = "World"
          count  = -1
          result = gstr.TrimStr(str, cut, count)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // Hello
}

TrimLeft

• Description: TrimLeft removes spaces (or other characters) from the beginning of a string.

• Format:

TrimLeft(str string, characterMask ...string) string

• Example:

func ExampleTrimLeft() {
      var (
          str           = `*Hello World*`
          characterMask = "*"
          result        = gstr.TrimLeft(str, characterMask)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // Hello World*
}

TrimLeftStr

• Description: TrimLeftStr removes count occurrences of the cut string from the beginning of a string (does not remove leading whitespace).

• Format:

TrimLeftStr(str string, cut string, count ...int) string

• Example:

func ExampleTrimLeftStr() {
      var (
          str    = `**Hello World**`
          cut    = "*"
          count  = 1
          result = gstr.TrimLeftStr(str, cut, count)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // *Hello World**
}

TrimRight

• Description: TrimRight removes spaces (or other characters) from the end of a string.

• Format:

TrimRight(str string, characterMask ...string) string

• Example:

func ExampleTrimRight() {
      var (
          str           = `**Hello World**`
          characterMask = "*def" // []byte{"*", "d", "e", "f"}
          result        = gstr.TrimRight(str, characterMask)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // **Hello Worl
}

TrimRightStr

• Description: TrimRightStr removes count occurrences of the cut string from the end of a string (does not remove trailing whitespace).

• Format:

TrimRightStr(str string, cut string, count ...int) string

• Example:

func ExampleTrimRightStr() {
      var (
          str    = `Hello World!`
          cut    = "!"
          count  = -1
          result = gstr.TrimRightStr(str, cut, count)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // Hello World
}

TrimAll

• Description: TrimAll removes all spaces (or other characters) and characterMask characters from string str.

• Format:

TrimAll(str string, characterMask ...string) string

• Example:

func ExampleTrimAll() {
      var (
          str           = `*Hello World*`
          characterMask = "*"
          result        = gstr.TrimAll(str, characterMask)
      )
      fmt.Println(result)

      // Output:
      // HelloWorld
}

HasPrefix

• Description: HasPrefix returns whether s starts with prefix.

• Format:

``` HasPrefix(s, prefix string) bo

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