MySQL 8.4 参考手册：SQL 语法、存储引擎与运维管理
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federated-storage-engine-resources

来源 Oracle Corporation 浏览 7 扫码 打印 2026-11-05 23:07:14

18.8.4 FEDERATED Storage Engine Resources

  • 18.8.4 FEDERATED Storage Engine Resources
    • 18.8.4 FEDERATED Storage Engine Resources

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MySQL 8.4 Reference Manual Including MySQL NDB Cluster 8.4

18.8.4 FEDERATED Storage Engine Resources

The following additional resources are available for the FEDERATED storage engine:

  • A forum dedicated to the FEDERATED storage engine is available at <https://forums.mysql.com/list.php?105>.
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  • 第 1 组（2 – C）
    • 2-Digit Years in Dates
    • About This Manual
    • Access Control, Stage 2: Request Verification
    • Accessing the Process List
    • Account User Names and Passwords
    • Adaptive Hash Index
    • Adding NDB Cluster Data Nodes Online
    • Administrative and Utility Programs
    • Appendix C Indexes
    • Argument Handling by Spatial Functions
    • Asynchronous Replication Channel Failover Functions
    • Automatic Initialization and Updating for TIMESTAMP and DATETIME
    • B.3.1 How to Determine What Is Causing a Problem
    • B.3.5 Optimizer-Related Issues
    • B.3.7 Known Issues in MySQL
    • B.3 Problems and Common Errors
    • Before You Begin
    • Benefits of Using InnoDB Tables
    • Best Practices for InnoDB Tables
    • Buffer Pool
    • Bulk Data Loading for InnoDB Tables
    • Bulk Data Loading for MyISAM Tables
    • Caching of Prepared Statements and Stored Programs
    • Change Buffer
    • Changes in MySQL 8.4
    • Changing GTID Mode on Online Servers
    • Changing the SELinux Mode
    • Chapter 10 Optimization
    • Chapter 11 Language Structure
    • Chapter 13 Data Types
    • Chapter 15 SQL Statements
    • Chapter 16 MySQL Data Dictionary
    • Chapter 18 Alternative Storage Engines
    • Chapter 19 Replication
    • Chapter 1 General Information
    • Chapter 21 MySQL Shell
    • Chapter 22 Using MySQL as a Document Store
    • Chapter 23 InnoDB Cluster
    • Chapter 24 InnoDB ReplicaSet
    • Chapter 25 MySQL NDB Cluster 8.4
    • Chapter 26 Partitioning
    • Chapter 27 Stored Objects
    • Chapter 28 INFORMATION_SCHEMA Tables
    • Chapter 29 MySQL Performance Schema
    • Chapter 2 Installing MySQL
    • Chapter 30 MySQL sys Schema
    • Chapter 32 MySQL Enterprise Edition
    • Chapter 33 MySQL Workbench
    • Chapter 34 MySQL on OCI Marketplace
    • Chapter 35 Telemetry
    • Chapter 3 Upgrading MySQL
    • Chapter 5 Tutorial
    • Chapter 6 MySQL Programs
    • Chapter 7 MySQL Server Administration
    • Chapter 8 Security
    • Character Set and Collation of Function Results
    • Check if SELinux is Enabled
    • Checking X Plugin Installation
    • Choosing an Installation Package
    • Client Programming Security Guidelines
  • 第 2 组（C – D）
    • COLUMNS Partitioning
    • Commands in the NDB Cluster Management Client
    • Common Replication Administration Tasks
    • Comparison of B-Tree and Hash Indexes
    • Compound Statement Syntax
    • Configuration of NDB Cluster
    • Configuration: Manually
    • Configuration: Using MySQL Configurator
    • Configuring InnoDB for Read-Only Operation
    • Configuring InnoDB I/O Capacity
    • Configuring Metrics Telemetry
    • Configuring MySQL to Use Encrypted Connections
    • Configuring Network Access
    • Configuring Parallel Threads for Online DDL Operations
    • Configuring Replication
    • Configuring SSL Library Support
    • Configuring the Merge Threshold for Index Pages
    • Configuring the Server
    • Configuring Trace Telemetry
    • Connecting
    • Connecting to MySQL Remotely from Windows with SSH
    • Connection Compression with X Plugin
    • Connection Transport Protocols
    • Conversion Between Date and Time Types
    • Creating a Table
    • Creating and Using a Database
    • Creating Spatial Columns
    • Creating Spatial Indexes
    • CSV Limitations
    • Cursors
    • Data Dictionary Limitations
    • Data Dictionary Schema
    • Data Dictionary Usage Differences
    • Data Type Default Values
    • Data Type Storage Requirements
    • Data-Masking Components Versus the Data-Masking Plugin
    • Date and Time Data Type Syntax
    • Date and Time Data Types
    • Date and Time Functions
    • Date and Time Literals
    • Deadlocks in InnoDB
    • DEALLOCATE PREPARE Statement
    • Debugging a MySQL Client
    • Debugging a MySQL Server
    • DECIMAL Data Type Characteristics
    • DECLARE Statement
    • Defining Stored Programs
    • Defragmenting a Table
    • Delayed Replication
    • DELETE Statement
    • Deploying MySQL EE on Oracle Cloud Infrastructure
    • Deploying MySQL on Linux with Docker Containers
    • Descending Indexes
    • DESCRIBE Statement
    • Determining What Is Instrumented
    • Dictionary Object Cache
    • Disabling X Plugin
    • Displaying Traces in Other Applications
    • DO Statement
    • Document Store Concepts
  • 第 3 组（D – E）
    • Documents and Collections
    • Documents and Collections（2）
    • Documents in Tables
    • Documents in Tables（2）
    • Doublewrite Buffer
    • Download and Import world_x Database
    • Download and Import world_x Database（2）
    • DROP DATABASE Statement
    • DROP EVENT Statement
    • DROP FUNCTION Statement
    • DROP LOGFILE GROUP Statement
    • DROP PROCEDURE and DROP FUNCTION Statements
    • DROP SERVER Statement
    • DROP SPATIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM Statement
    • DROP TABLE Statement
    • DROP TABLESPACE Statement
    • DROP TRIGGER Statement
    • DROP VIEW Statement
    • Dumping Data in Delimited-Text Format with mysqldump
    • Dumping Data in SQL Format with mysqldump
    • Enabling Automatic InnoDB Configuration for a Dedicated MySQL Server
    • Enabling InnoDB Monitors
    • Encrypted Connection TLS Protocols and Ciphers
    • Encrypting Binary Log Files and Relay Log Files
    • Encryption and Compression Functions
    • enterprise-encryption
    • enterprise-encryption-configuring
    • enterprise-encryption-function-reference
    • enterprise-encryption-functions
    • enterprise-encryption-installation
    • enterprise-encryption-usage
    • enum
    • environment-variables
    • error-creating-innodb
    • error-handling
    • error-interfaces
    • error-log
    • error-log-components
    • error-message-elements
    • error-message-language
    • estimating-performance
    • Event Pre-Filtering
    • Event Reports Generated in NDB Cluster
    • event-scheduler
    • event-scheduler-thread-states
    • events-configuration
    • events-metadata
    • events-overview
    • events-privileges
    • events-status-info
    • events-syntax
    • Examining Server Thread (Process) Information
    • Example
    • Example Consumer Configurations
    • example-auto-increment
    • example-foreign-keys
    • example-maximum-column
    • example-maximum-column-group
    • example-maximum-column-group-row
    • example-maximum-row
  • 第 4 组（E – F）
    • example-storage-engine
    • example-user-variables
    • examples
    • except
    • Exchanging Partitions and Subpartitions with Tables
    • execute
    • execution-plan-information
    • expired-password-handling
    • explain
    • explain-extended
    • explain-for-connection
    • explain-output
    • Expression Handling
    • extended-show
    • extensions-to-ansi
    • external-locking
    • faqs-c-api
    • faqs-cjk
    • faqs-connectors-apis
    • faqs-general
    • faqs-information-schema
    • faqs-innodb-change-buffer
    • faqs-migration
    • faqs-mysql-cluster
    • faqs-replication
    • faqs-security
    • faqs-sql-modes
    • faqs-storage-engines
    • faqs-stored-procs
    • faqs-tablespace-encryption
    • faqs-thread-pool
    • faqs-triggers
    • faqs-views
    • faqs-virtualization
    • features
    • federated-create
    • federated-description
    • federated-storage-engine
    • federated-storage-engine-resources
    • federated-usagenotes
    • fetching-spatial-data
    • File Space Management
    • fips-mode
    • firewall
    • firewall-information-schema-tables
    • fixed-point-types
    • floating-point-types
    • flow-control-functions
    • flow-control-statements
    • forcing-innodb-recovery
    • foreign-key-optimization
    • fractional-seconds
    • full-text-adding-collation
    • fulltext-boolean
    • fulltext-fine-tuning
    • fulltext-natural-language
    • fulltext-query-expansion
    • fulltext-restrictions
    • fulltext-search-mecab
    • fulltext-search-ngram
  • 第 5 组（F – G）
    • fulltext-stopwords
    • function-loading
    • function-resolution
    • functions
    • Functions That Create JSON Values
    • Functions That Modify JSON Values
    • Functions That Return JSON Value Attributes
    • Functions That Search JSON Values
    • Functions That Test Spatial Relations Between Geometry Objects
    • General Information
    • General Notes on Installing MySQL on macOS
    • General Requirements for NDB Cluster Replication
    • general-information-schema-tables
    • general-installation-issues
    • general-security-issues
    • general-thread-states
    • generated-column-index-optimizations
    • Generating MySQL Doxygen Documentation Content
    • geometry-well-formedness-validity
    • getting-information
    • getting-mysql
    • gis-data-formats
    • gis-format-conversion-functions
    • gis-mysql-specific-functions
    • gis-property-functions
    • gis-wkb-functions
    • gis-wkt-functions
    • glossary
    • grant-tables
    • group-by-functional-dependence
    • group-by-handling
    • group-by-modifiers
    • group-replication
    • group-replication-background
    • group-replication-configuring-online-group
    • group-replication-connection-security
    • group-replication-consistency-guarantees
    • group-replication-deploying-in-multi-primary-or-single-primary-mode
    • group-replication-deploying-in-single-primary-mode
    • group-replication-deploying-locally
    • group-replication-distributed-recovery
    • group-replication-distributed-recovery-securing
    • group-replication-enterprise-backup
    • group-replication-fine-tuning-the-group-communication-thread
    • group-replication-flow-control
    • group-replication-frequently-asked-questions
    • group-replication-functions
    • group-replication-getting-started
    • group-replication-gtids
    • group-replication-ip-address-permissions
    • group-replication-ipv6
    • group-replication-limitations
    • group-replication-monitoring
    • group-replication-network-partitioning
    • group-replication-offline-upgrade
    • group-replication-online-upgrade
    • group-replication-online-upgrade-combining-versions
    • group-replication-options
    • group-replication-performance
    • group-replication-performance-message-fragmentation
  • 第 6 组（G – I）
    • group-replication-performance-xcom-cache
    • group-replication-plugin-architecture
    • group-replication-replication-group-member-stats
    • group-replication-replication-group-members
    • group-replication-replication-technologies
    • group-replication-requirements
    • group-replication-requirements-and-limitations
    • group-replication-responses-failure
    • group-replication-restarting-group
    • group-replication-secure-socket-layer-support-ssl
    • group-replication-security
    • group-replication-server-states
    • group-replication-single-consensus-leader
    • group-replication-status-variables
    • group-replication-system-variables
    • group-replication-upgrade
    • group-replication-use-cases
    • gtid-functions
    • handler
    • Handling an Unexpected Halt of a Replica
    • HASH Partitioning
    • help
    • hexadecimal-literals
    • history
    • How MySQL Partitioning Handles NULL
    • How MySQL Uses Indexes
    • How Servers Evaluate Replication Filtering Rules
    • How to Repair MyISAM Tables
    • How to Report Replication Bugs or Problems
    • ibd2sdi
    • Identifier Length Limits
    • Identifier Qualifiers
    • identifier-case-sensitivity
    • Implementing Failover with NDB Cluster Replication
    • IMPORT TABLE Statement
    • Importing Data Into MySQL Cluster
    • Improving Replication Performance
    • Index Hints
    • Indexed Lookups from TIMESTAMP Columns
    • information-schema-connection-control-table-reference
    • information-schema-resource-groups-table
    • INFORMATION_SCHEMA and Data Dictionary Integration
    • INFORMATION_SCHEMA Firewall Table Reference
    • INFORMATION_SCHEMA General Table Reference
    • INFORMATION_SCHEMA InnoDB Table Reference
    • INFORMATION_SCHEMA InnoDB Tables
    • INFORMATION_SCHEMA Table Reference
    • INFORMATION_SCHEMA Tables for NDB Cluster
    • INFORMATION_SCHEMA Thread Pool Table Reference
    • INFORMATION_SCHEMA Thread Pool Tables
    • Initial Configuration of NDB Cluster
    • Initial Startup of NDB Cluster
    • Initializing the Data Directory
    • innochecksum — Offline InnoDB File Checksum Utility
    • InnoDB and MyISAM Index Statistics Collection
    • InnoDB and MySQL Replication
    • InnoDB and Online DDL
    • InnoDB and the ACID Model
    • InnoDB Architecture
    • InnoDB Backup
  • 第 7 组（I – I）
    • InnoDB Backup and Recovery
    • InnoDB Buffer Pool Configuration
    • InnoDB Buffer Pool Optimization
    • InnoDB Checkpoints
    • InnoDB Configuration
    • InnoDB Data-at-Rest Encryption
    • InnoDB Disk I/O
    • InnoDB Disk I/O and File Space Management
    • InnoDB Error Handling
    • InnoDB INFORMATION_SCHEMA Buffer Pool Tables
    • InnoDB INFORMATION_SCHEMA Metrics Table
    • InnoDB INFORMATION_SCHEMA Schema Object Tables
    • InnoDB INFORMATION_SCHEMA Tables
    • InnoDB INFORMATION_SCHEMA Temporary Table Info Table
    • InnoDB INFORMATION_SCHEMA Transaction and Locking Information
    • InnoDB Integration with MySQL Performance Schema
    • InnoDB Limits
    • InnoDB Locking
    • InnoDB Locking and Transaction Model
    • InnoDB Monitor Types
    • InnoDB Monitors
    • InnoDB Multi-Versioning
    • InnoDB Recovery
    • InnoDB Restrictions and Limitations
    • InnoDB Row Formats
    • InnoDB Standard Monitor and Lock Monitor Output
    • InnoDB Startup Configuration
    • InnoDB Startup Options and System Variables
    • InnoDB Transaction Model
    • InnoDB Troubleshooting
    • innodb-information-schema-fulltext_index-tables
    • innodb-performance-multiple_io_threads
    • innodb-performance-spin_lock_polling
    • innodb-performance-thread_concurrency
    • INSERT Statement
    • Installation Layouts
    • Installation of NDB Cluster on Linux
    • Installing and Uninstalling Plugins
    • Installing and Using the MySQL Launch Daemon
    • Installing and Using the MySQL Preference Pane
    • Installing MySQL from Source
    • Installing MySQL on Linux
    • Installing MySQL on Linux from the Native Software Repositories
    • Installing MySQL on Linux Using Debian Packages from Oracle
    • Installing MySQL on Linux Using the MySQL APT Repository
    • Installing MySQL on Linux Using the MySQL Yum Repository
    • Installing MySQL on Linux with Juju
    • Installing MySQL on macOS
    • Installing MySQL on macOS Using Native Packages
    • Installing MySQL on Microsoft Windows
    • Installing MySQL on Solaris
    • Installing MySQL on Solaris Using a Solaris PKG
    • Installing MySQL Using a Development Source Tree
    • Installing MySQL Using a Standard Source Distribution
    • Installing MySQL Using Unbreakable Linux Network (ULN)
    • Installing NDB Cluster on Windows
    • Installing OpenTelemetry Support
    • Installing Perl on Unix
    • Integer Types (Exact Value) - INTEGER, INT, SMALLINT, TINYINT, MEDIUMINT, BIGINT
    • Interfaces to a MySQL Document Store
  • 第 8 组（I – M）
    • Internal Functions
    • Internal Locking Methods
    • Internal Temporary Table Use in MySQL
    • Introduction
    • Introduction to InnoDB
    • Invisible Indexes
    • Invoking MySQL Programs
    • IPv6 Support
    • JavaScript Quick-Start Guide: MySQL Shell for Document Store
    • JSON Function Reference
    • JSON Schema Validation Functions
    • JSON Table Functions
    • json-utility-functions
    • Keeping Passwords Secure
    • KEY Partitioning
    • Keywords and Reserved Words
    • Known Issues in NDB Cluster Replication
    • Known Limitations of NDB Cluster
    • Limits on Number of Databases and Tables
    • Limits on Table Size
    • LIST Partitioning
    • LOAD DATA Statement
    • LOAD XML Statement
    • Loadable Function Reference
    • Loading Data into a Table
    • LOCK INSTANCE FOR BACKUP and UNLOCK INSTANCE Statements
    • LOCK TABLES and UNLOCK TABLES Statements
    • Locking Functions
    • Locks Set by Different SQL Statements in InnoDB
    • Log Buffer
    • Logical Operators
    • Maintenance
    • Maintenance of Partitions
    • Making MySQL Secure Against Attackers
    • Management of HASH and KEY Partitions
    • Management of NDB Cluster
    • Management of RANGE and LIST Partitions
    • Managing MySQL Server with systemd
    • Mapping of Identifiers to File Names
    • Mathematical Functions
    • Measuring Performance (Benchmarking)
    • Measuring Performance with performance_schema
    • Measuring the Speed of Expressions and Functions
    • MERGE Table Advantages and Disadvantages
    • merge-table-problems
    • Metadata Locking
    • Miscellaneous Functions
    • monitor-alter-table-performance-schema
    • Monitoring Group Replication Memory Usage with Performance Schema Memory Instrumentation
    • Monitoring InnoDB Mutex Waits Using Performance Schema
    • Monitoring Row-based Replication
    • Monitoring X Plugin
    • Multi-Byte Character Support for Complex Character Sets
    • Multifactor Authentication
    • Multiple-Column Indexes
    • MyISAM Startup Options
    • MyISAM Table Maintenance and Crash Recovery
    • MyISAM Table Optimization
    • MyISAM Table Problems
    • MyISAM Table Storage Formats
  • 第 9 组（M – N）
    • myisamchk — MyISAM Table-Maintenance Utility
    • myisampack — Generate Compressed, Read-Only MyISAM Tables
    • MySQL Configuration and Third-Party Tools
    • MySQL Differences from Standard SQL
    • MySQL Enterprise Audit Overview
    • MySQL Enterprise Backup Overview
    • MySQL Enterprise Data Masking and De-Identification
    • MySQL Enterprise Data Masking and De-Identification Components
    • MySQL Enterprise Data Masking and De-Identification Overview
    • MySQL Enterprise Data Masking and De-Identification Plugin
    • MySQL Enterprise Encryption Overview
    • MySQL Enterprise Firewall Overview
    • MySQL Enterprise Security Overview
    • MySQL Enterprise Thread Pool
    • MySQL Enterprise Thread Pool Overview
    • MySQL Layout for Source Installation
    • MySQL Multi-Source Replication
    • MySQL Plugin Services
    • MySQL Releases: Innovation and LTS
    • MySQL Server Loadable Functions
    • MySQL Server Locale Support
    • MySQL Server Logs
    • MySQL Server Plugins
    • MySQL Server SELinux Policies
    • MySQL Server Time Zone Support
    • MySQL Server Usage for NDB Cluster
    • MySQL Server Using InnoDB Compared with NDB Cluster
    • MySQL Shell
    • MySQL Shell（2）
    • MySQL Source-Configuration Options
    • MySQL Telemetry
    • mysql — The MySQL Command-Line Client
    • mysql.server — MySQL Server Startup Script
    • mysql_config — Display Options for Compiling Clients
    • mysql_config_editor — MySQL Configuration Utility
    • mysql_migrate_keyring — Keyring Key Migration Utility
    • mysql_secure_installation — Improve MySQL Installation Security
    • mysql_tzinfo_to_sql — Load the Time Zone Tables
    • mysqladmin — A MySQL Server Administration Program
    • mysqlbinlog — Utility for Processing Binary Log Files
    • mysqlcheck — A Table Maintenance Program
    • mysqld — The MySQL Server
    • mysqld_multi — Manage Multiple MySQL Servers
    • mysqld_safe — MySQL Server Startup Script
    • mysqldump Tips
    • mysqldump — A Database Backup Program
    • mysqldumpslow — Summarize Slow Query Log Files
    • mysqlimport — A Data Import Program
    • mysqlshow — Display Database, Table, and Column Information
    • mysqlslap — A Load Emulation Client
    • Named Windows
    • Naming Instruments or Consumers for Filtering Operations
    • NDB API Statistics Counters and Variables
    • NDB Cluster and the Performance Schema
    • NDB Cluster Backups With NDB Cluster Replication
    • NDB Cluster Configuration Files
    • NDB Cluster Core Concepts
    • NDB Cluster Disk Data Tables
    • NDB Cluster Example with Tables and Data
    • NDB Cluster Hardware, Software, and Networking Requirements
  • 第 10 组（N – O）
    • NDB Cluster Installation
    • NDB Cluster Log Messages
    • NDB Cluster Nodes, Node Groups, Fragment Replicas, and Partitions
    • NDB Cluster Overview
    • NDB Cluster Programs
    • NDB Cluster Release Notes
    • NDB Cluster Replication
    • NDB Cluster Replication Conflict Resolution
    • NDB Cluster Replication Schema and Tables
    • NDB Cluster Replication Using the Multithreaded Applier
    • NDB Cluster Replication: Abbreviations and Symbols
    • NDB Cluster Replication: Bidirectional and Circular Replication
    • NDB Cluster Security
    • NDB Cluster Single User Mode
    • NDB Cluster Thread States
    • ndb_blob_tool — Check and Repair BLOB and TEXT columns of NDB Cluster Tables
    • ndb_config — Extract NDB Cluster Configuration Information
    • ndb_delete_all — Delete All Rows from an NDB Table
    • ndb_desc — Describe NDB Tables
    • ndb_drop_index — Drop Index from an NDB Table
    • ndb_drop_table — Drop an NDB Table
    • ndb_error_reporter — NDB Error-Reporting Utility
    • ndb_import — Import CSV Data Into NDB
    • ndb_index_stat — NDB Index Statistics Utility
    • ndb_mgm — The NDB Cluster Management Client
    • ndb_mgmd — The NDB Cluster Management Server Daemon
    • ndb_move_data — NDB Data Copy Utility
    • ndb_perror — Obtain NDB Error Message Information
    • ndb_print_backup_file — Print NDB Backup File Contents
    • ndb_print_file — Print NDB Disk Data File Contents
    • ndb_print_frag_file — Print NDB Fragment List File Contents
    • ndb_print_schema_file — Print NDB Schema File Contents
    • ndb_print_sys_file — Print NDB System File Contents
    • ndb_redo_log_reader — Check and Print Content of Cluster Redo Log
    • ndb_restore — Restore an NDB Cluster Backup
    • ndb_secretsfile_reader — Obtain Key Information from an Encrypted NDB Data File
    • ndb_select_all — Print Rows from an NDB Table
    • ndb_select_count — Print Row Counts for NDB Tables
    • ndb_show_tables — Display List of NDB Tables
    • ndb_sign_keys — Create, Sign, and Manage TLS Keys and Certificates for NDB Cluster
    • ndb_size.pl — NDBCLUSTER Size Requirement Estimator
    • ndb_top — View CPU usage information for NDB threads
    • ndb_waiter — Wait for NDB Cluster to Reach a Given Status
    • ndbd — The NDB Cluster Data Node Daemon
    • ndbinfo: The NDB Cluster Information Database
    • ndbinfo_select_all — Select From ndbinfo Tables
    • ndbmtd — The NDB Cluster Data Node Daemon (Multi-Threaded)
    • ndbxfrm — Compress, Decompress, Encrypt, and Decrypt Files Created by NDB Cluster
    • Network Namespace Support
    • NULL Values
    • Numeric Data Type Syntax
    • Numeric Data Types
    • Numeric Functions and Operators
    • Numeric Literals
    • Numeric Type Attributes
    • Obtaining Component Information
    • Obtaining Information About Loadable Functions
    • Obtaining Information About Partitions
    • Obtaining Parent Event Information
    • Obtaining Server Plugin Information
  • 第 11 组（O – P）
    • Online Backup of NDB Cluster
    • Online DDL Failure Conditions
    • Online DDL Limitations
    • Online DDL Memory Management
    • Online DDL Operations
    • Online DDL Performance and Concurrency
    • Online DDL Space Requirements
    • Online Operations with ALTER TABLE in NDB Cluster
    • OpenTelemetry Metrics
    • OpenTelemetry Trace
    • Operator Precedence
    • Operators
    • Optimization and Indexes
    • Optimization Overview
    • Optimizer Hints
    • Optimizer Statistics
    • Optimizer Trace Implementation
    • Optimizing Data Change Statements
    • Optimizing Data Size
    • Optimizing Database Privileges
    • Optimizing Database Structure
    • Optimizing Disk I/O
    • Optimizing for InnoDB Tables
    • Optimizing for Many Tables
    • Optimizing for MEMORY Tables
    • Optimizing for MyISAM Tables
    • Optimizing INFORMATION_SCHEMA Queries
    • Optimizing InnoDB Configuration Variables
    • Optimizing InnoDB DDL Operations
    • Optimizing InnoDB Disk I/O
    • Optimizing InnoDB for Systems with Many Tables
    • Optimizing InnoDB Queries
    • Optimizing InnoDB Read-Only Transactions
    • Optimizing InnoDB Redo Logging
    • Optimizing InnoDB Transaction Management
    • Optimizing Locking Operations
    • Optimizing MyISAM Queries
    • Optimizing Performance Schema Queries
    • Optimizing Queries with EXPLAIN
    • Optimizing REPAIR TABLE Statements
    • Optimizing SELECT Statements
    • Optimizing Spatial Analysis
    • Optimizing SQL Statements
    • Optimizing Storage Layout for InnoDB Tables
    • Optimizing Subqueries, Derived Tables, View References, and Common Table Expressions
    • Optimizing the MySQL Server
    • Options, Variables, and Parameters Added, Deprecated or Removed in NDB 8.4
    • Other Optimization Tips
    • Other Storage Engines
    • Out-of-Range and Overflow Handling
    • Overview of MySQL Programs
    • Overview of MySQL Storage Engine Architecture
    • Overview of NDB Cluster Configuration Parameters, Options, and Variables
    • Overview of Partitioning in MySQL
    • Parenthesized Query Expressions
    • Partition Management
    • Partition Pruning
    • Partition Selection
    • Partitioning Keys, Primary Keys, and Unique Keys
    • Partitioning Limitations Relating to Functions
  • 第 12 组（P – P）
    • Partitioning Limitations Relating to Storage Engines
    • Partitioning Types
    • Password Management
    • Performance Schema and Plugins
    • Performance Schema Atom and Molecule Events
    • Performance Schema Build Configuration
    • Performance Schema Clone Tables
    • Performance Schema Command Options
    • Performance Schema Connection Attribute Tables
    • Performance Schema Connection Tables
    • Performance Schema Event Filtering
    • Performance Schema Event Timing
    • Performance Schema Firewall Tables
    • Performance Schema Functions
    • Performance Schema General Table Characteristics
    • Performance Schema Instance Tables
    • Performance Schema Instrument Naming Conventions
    • Performance Schema Keyring Tables
    • Performance Schema Lock Tables
    • Performance Schema Miscellaneous Tables
    • Performance Schema NDB Cluster Tables
    • Performance Schema Option and Variable Reference
    • Performance Schema Queries
    • Performance Schema Quick Start
    • Performance Schema Replication Tables
    • Performance Schema Runtime Configuration
    • Performance Schema Setup Tables
    • Performance Schema Stage Event Tables
    • Performance Schema Startup Configuration
    • Performance Schema Statement Digests and Sampling
    • Performance Schema Statement Event Tables
    • Performance Schema Status Monitoring
    • Performance Schema Status Variable Tables
    • Performance Schema Status Variables
    • Performance Schema Summary Tables
    • Performance Schema System Variable Tables
    • Performance Schema System Variables
    • Performance Schema Table Descriptions
    • Performance Schema Table Reference
    • Performance Schema Tables for Current and Historical Events
    • Performance Schema Telemetry Tables
    • Performance Schema Thread Pool Tables
    • Performance Schema Transaction Tables
    • Performance Schema User-Defined Variable Tables
    • Performance Schema Wait Event Tables
    • Performing a Rolling Restart of an NDB Cluster
    • Perl Installation Notes
    • perror — Display MySQL Error Message Information
    • Phantom Rows
    • Pluggable Authentication
    • Pluggable Storage Engine Architecture
    • Point-in-Time (Incremental) Recovery
    • Point-in-Time Recovery Using Binary Log
    • Point-in-Time Recovery Using Event Positions
    • Populating Spatial Columns
    • Position-Based Synchronization Functions
    • Postinstallation Setup and Testing
    • Pre-Filtering by Consumer
    • Pre-Filtering by Instrument
    • Pre-Filtering by Object
  • 第 13 组（P – R）
    • Pre-Filtering by Thread
    • Precision Math
    • Precision Math Examples
    • Preface and Legal Notices
    • PREPARE Statement
    • Prepared Statements
    • Preparing the NDB Cluster for Replication
    • Preparing Your Installation for Upgrade
    • Prerequisites for Using the sys Schema
    • Prerequisites to Deploying MySQL EE on Oracle Cloud Infrastructure
    • Preventing the Use of Optimizer Trace
    • Primary Key Optimization
    • Privilege Checking
    • Privilege Restriction Using Partial Revokes
    • Privilege Synchronization and NDB_STORED_USER
    • Privileges Provided by MySQL
    • Problems Using the Perl DBI/DBD Interface
    • Program Development Utilities
    • Proxy Users
    • Python Quick-Start Guide: MySQL Shell for Document Store
    • Query Attribute Components
    • Query Attributes
    • Query Profiling Using Performance Schema
    • Quick Reference: NDB Cluster SQL Statements
    • Quick Test Setup of NDB Cluster
    • RANGE Partitioning
    • Rebuilding or Repairing Tables or Indexes
    • Reclaiming Disk Space with TRUNCATE TABLE
    • Redo Log
    • Regular Expressions
    • Relational Tables
    • Relational Tables（2）
    • Relay Log and Replication Metadata Repositories
    • Reloading Delimited-Text Format Backups
    • Reloading SQL-Format Backups
    • Removal of File-based Metadata Storage
    • RENAME TABLE Statement
    • Repairing and Checking CSV Tables
    • REPLACE Statement
    • Replicating Different Databases to Different Replicas
    • Replication and Binary Logging Options and Variables
    • Replication Channels
    • Replication Compatibility Between MySQL Versions
    • Replication Connection Thread States
    • Replication Features and Issues
    • Replication Formats
    • Replication Functions
    • Replication I/O (Receiver) Thread States
    • Replication Implementation
    • Replication Privilege Checks
    • Replication Security
    • Replication Solutions
    • Replication Source Thread States
    • Replication SQL Thread States
    • Replication Statements
    • Replication Threads
    • Replication with Global Transaction Identifiers
    • Reserved Accounts
    • Resource Group Management Statements
    • Resource Groups
  • 第 14 组（R – S）
    • Restrictions and Limitations on Partitioning
    • Restrictions on Performance Schema
    • Restrictions on Stored Programs
    • Restrictions on Views
    • Retrieving Information from a Table
    • Retrieving InnoDB Tablespace Metadata from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.FILES
    • Reusing SSL Sessions
    • Rounding Behavior
    • Running Multiple MySQL Instances on One Machine
    • Safe Shutdown and Restart of NDB Cluster
    • SAVEPOINT, ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT, and RELEASE SAVEPOINT Statements
    • Scheduler Component
    • Schema Object Names
    • Searching on Two Keys
    • Securing the Initial MySQL Account
    • Security Components and Plugins
    • Security Considerations for LOAD DATA LOCAL
    • Security Guidelines
    • Security-Related mysqld Options and Variables
    • SELECT Statement
    • Selecting General Query Log and Slow Query Log Output Destinations
    • Selecting Optimizer Features to Trace
    • SELinux
    • SELinux File Context
    • SELinux TCP Port Context
    • Semisynchronous Replication
    • Serialized Dictionary Information (SDI)
    • Server and Server-Startup Programs
    • Server Command Options
    • Server Configuration Defaults
    • Server Configuration Validation
    • Server Log Maintenance
    • Server Meters
    • Server Metrics
    • Server Option, System Variable, and Status Variable Reference
    • Server SQL Modes
    • Server Status Variable Reference
    • Server Status Variables
    • Server System Variable Reference
    • Server System Variables
    • Server Tracking of Client Session State
    • Server-Side Help Support
    • Set Operations with UNION, INTERSECT, and EXCEPT
    • SET Statements
    • SET TRANSACTION Statement
    • Setting Account Resource Limits
    • Setting Environment Variables
    • Setting the Storage Engine
    • Setting Up a MyISAM Table Maintenance Schedule
    • Setting Up Binary Log File Position Based Replication
    • Setting Up Multiple Data Directories
    • Setting Up Replication to Use Encrypted Connections
    • SHOW Statements
    • Simplifying DDL Statements with Online DDL
    • Source Installation Methods
    • Source Installation Prerequisites
    • Space Needed for Keys
    • Spatial Aggregate Functions
    • Spatial Analysis Functions
    • Spatial Convenience Functions
  • 第 15 组（S – T）
    • Spatial Data Types
    • Spatial Data Types（2）
    • Spatial Function Reference
    • Spatial Geohash Functions
    • Spatial GeoJSON Functions
    • SPATIAL Index Optimization
    • Spatial Operator Functions
    • Spatial Reference System Support
    • Specifying Program Options
    • Specifying Role Names
    • SQL Statements for Controlling Group Replication
    • SQL Statements for Controlling Replica Servers
    • SQL Statements for Controlling Source Servers
    • Starting NDB Cluster Replication (Single Replication Channel)
    • Starting the Server
    • Statement Labels
    • Statements That Cause an Implicit Commit
    • Stored Object Access Control
    • Stored Procedures, Functions, Triggers, and LAST_INSERT_ID()
    • Stored Program Binary Logging
    • Stored Routine Metadata
    • Stored Routine Syntax
    • Stored Routines and MySQL Privileges
    • String Collating Support for Complex Character Sets
    • String Comparison Functions and Operators
    • String Data Type Syntax
    • String Data Types
    • String Functions and Operators
    • String Literals
    • Subpartitioning
    • Subqueries
    • Summary of NDB Cluster Start Phases
    • Supported Platforms
    • Switchable Optimizations
    • Switching Sources and Replicas with Asynchronous Connection Failover
    • Switching Sources During Failover
    • sys Schema Object Index
    • sys Schema Object Reference
    • sys Schema Progress Reporting
    • sys Schema Stored Functions
    • sys Schema Stored Procedures
    • sys Schema Tables and Triggers
    • sys Schema Views
    • System Variables Controlling Tracing
    • Table Locking Issues
    • TABLE Statement
    • Telemetry Variables
    • Testing and Benchmarking with InnoDB
    • Testing the Server
    • The Common Database Server Layer
    • The CSV Storage Engine
    • The DATE, DATETIME, and TIMESTAMP Types
    • The DBUG Package
    • The ddl_rewriter Plugin
    • The end_markers_in_json System Variable
    • The General Query Log
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA APPLICABLE_ROLES Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA CHARACTER_SETS Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA CHECK_CONSTRAINTS Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY Table
  • 第 16 组（T – T）
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA COLLATIONS Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA COLUMN_PRIVILEGES Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA COLUMN_STATISTICS Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA COLUMNS Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA COLUMNS_EXTENSIONS Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA ENABLED_ROLES Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA ENGINES Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA EVENTS Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA FILES Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE_LRU Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_BUFFER_POOL_STATS Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_CACHED_INDEXES Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_CMP and INNODB_CMP_RESET Tables
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_CMP_PER_INDEX and INNODB_CMP_PER_INDEX_RESET Tables
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_CMPMEM and INNODB_CMPMEM_RESET Tables
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_COLUMNS Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_DATAFILES Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_FIELDS Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_FOREIGN Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_FOREIGN_COLS Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_FT_BEING_DELETED Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_FT_CONFIG Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_FT_DEFAULT_STOPWORD Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_FT_DELETED Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_FT_INDEX_CACHE Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_FT_INDEX_TABLE Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_INDEXES Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_METRICS Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_SESSION_TEMP_TABLESPACES Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_TABLES Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_TABLESPACES Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_TABLESPACES_BRIEF Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_TABLESTATS View
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_TEMP_TABLE_INFO Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_TRX Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_VIRTUAL Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA KEY_COLUMN_USAGE Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA KEYWORDS Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA MYSQL_FIREWALL_USERS Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA MYSQL_FIREWALL_WHITELIST Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA ndb_transid_mysql_connection_map Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA OPTIMIZER_TRACE Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA PARAMETERS Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA PARTITIONS Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA PLUGINS Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA PROCESSLIST Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA PROFILING Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA ROLE_COLUMN_GRANTS Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA ROLE_ROUTINE_GRANTS Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA ROLE_TABLE_GRANTS Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA ROUTINES Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA SCHEMA_PRIVILEGES Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA SCHEMATA Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA SCHEMATA_EXTENSIONS Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA ST_GEOMETRY_COLUMNS Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA ST_SPATIAL_REFERENCE_SYSTEMS Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA ST_UNITS_OF_MEASURE Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA STATISTICS Table
  • 第 17 组（T – U）
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA TABLE_CONSTRAINTS Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA TABLE_CONSTRAINTS_EXTENSIONS Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA TABLE_PRIVILEGES Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA TABLES Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA TABLES_EXTENSIONS Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA TABLESPACES_EXTENSIONS Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA TP_THREAD_GROUP_STATE Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA TP_THREAD_GROUP_STATS Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA TP_THREAD_STATE Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA TRIGGERS Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA USER_ATTRIBUTES Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA USER_PRIVILEGES Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA VIEW_ROUTINE_USAGE Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA VIEW_TABLE_USAGE Table
    • The INFORMATION_SCHEMA VIEWS Table
    • The JSON Data Type
    • The Keyring Proxy Bridge Plugin
    • The LOCK_ORDER Tool
    • The MEMORY Storage Engine
    • The MERGE Storage Engine
    • The MyISAM Key Cache
    • The MyISAM Storage Engine
    • The MySQL Data Directory
    • The MySQL Keyring
    • The MySQL Server
    • The mysql System Schema
    • The OpenGIS Geometry Model
    • The optimizer_trace System Variable
    • The Password Validation Component
    • The Performance Schema Memory-Allocation Model
    • The Rewriter Query Rewrite Plugin
    • The Server Shutdown Process
    • The SET Type
    • The Slow Query Log
    • The TIME Type
    • The View WITH CHECK OPTION Clause
    • The YEAR Type
    • Thread Command Values
    • Trace Format
    • Trace General Structure
    • Traceable Statements
    • Tracing Memory Usage
    • Tracing the Optimizer
    • Transaction Scheduling
    • Transactional and Locking Statements
    • Transactional Storage of Dictionary Data
    • Trigger Metadata
    • Trigger Syntax and Examples
    • Troubleshooting a Microsoft Windows MySQL Server Installation
    • Troubleshooting InnoDB Data Dictionary Operations
    • Troubleshooting Problems Connecting to MySQL
    • Troubleshooting Recovery Failures
    • Troubleshooting Replication
    • Troubleshooting SELinux
    • TRUNCATE TABLE Statement
    • Tuning Trace Purging
    • Type Conversion in Expression Evaluation
    • Types of Numeric Values
    • Typical Usage
    • Undo Logs
  • 第 18 组（U – W）
    • UNION Clause
    • Unix Signal Handling in MySQL
    • Updatable and Insertable Views
    • UPDATE Statement
    • Upgrade Best Practices
    • Upgrade Paths
    • Upgrade Troubleshooting
    • Upgrading a Docker Installation of MySQL
    • Upgrading and Downgrading NDB Cluster
    • Upgrading MySQL Binary or Package-based Installations on Unix/Linux
    • Upgrading MySQL on Windows
    • Upgrading MySQL with the MySQL APT Repository
    • Upgrading MySQL with the MySQL SLES Repository
    • Upgrading MySQL with the MySQL Yum Repository
    • Upgrading or Downgrading a Replication Topology
    • Use of Index Extensions
    • USE Statement
    • User-Defined Variables
    • Using Asynchronous I/O on Linux
    • Using Backups for Recovery
    • Using Client Programs in a Multiple-Server Environment
    • Using Data Types from Other Database Engines
    • Using Encrypted Connections
    • Using Encrypted Connections with X Plugin
    • Using High-Speed Interconnects with NDB Cluster
    • Using mysqldump for Backups
    • Using Replication for Backups
    • Using Replication for Scale-Out
    • Using Replication with Different Source and Replica Storage Engines
    • Using Roles
    • Using Spatial Indexes
    • Using Stored Routines
    • Using Symbolic Links
    • Using System Variables
    • Using the MySQL SLES Repository
    • Using the Performance Schema to Diagnose Problems
    • Using the sys Schema
    • Using Triggers
    • Using Two Replication Channels for NDB Cluster Replication
    • Using Views
    • Using X Plugin with the Caching SHA-2 Authentication Plugin
    • Using Your Own Benchmarks
    • VALUES Statement
    • Variables in Stored Programs
    • Verifying Index Usage
    • Verifying Package Integrity Using MD5 Checksums or GnuPG
    • Verifying that InnoDB is the Default Storage Engine
    • Version Tokens
    • View Metadata
    • View Processing Algorithms
    • View Syntax
    • What Calendar Is Used By MySQL?
    • What is MySQL?
    • What Is New in MySQL 8.4 since MySQL 8.0
    • What is New in MySQL NDB Cluster 8.4
    • What the MySQL Upgrade Process Upgrades
    • When Privilege Changes Take Effect
    • Which MySQL Version and Distribution to Install
    • Window Function Concepts and Syntax
    • Window Function Descriptions
  • 第 19 组（W – X，续）
    • Window Function Frame Specification
    • Window Function Restrictions
    • Window Functions
    • Windows Platform Restrictions
    • Windows Postinstallation Procedures
    • WITH (Common Table Expressions)
    • X Plugin Options and Variables
    • XA Transactions
    • XML Functions
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