Gemini 3.5 Flash

Text Generation • Google

google/gemini-3.5-flash

• Third-party

Gemini 3.5 Flash is Google's fast multimodal model with frontier intelligence, superior search, and grounding capabilities.

Usage

const response = await env.AI.run(
  'google/gemini-3.5-flash',
  { contents: [{ parts: [{ text: 'What are the three laws of thermodynamics?' }], role: 'user' }] },
)
console.log(response)

curl https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/accounts/$CLOUDFLARE_ACCOUNT_ID/ai/run \
  --header "Authorization: Bearer $CLOUDFLARE_API_TOKEN" \
  --header "Content-Type: application/json" \
  --data '{
  "model": "google/gemini-3.5-flash",
  "input": {
    "contents": [
      {
        "parts": [
          {
            "text": "What are the three laws of thermodynamics?"
          }
        ],
        "role": "user"
      }
    ]
  }
}'

While there are actually **four** fundamental laws of thermodynamics, they are numbered from Zero to Three. 

Here are the **Three Laws of Thermodynamics** (traditionally numbered 1, 2, and 3), followed by the "Zeroth" law which was added later.

---

### 1. The First Law: The Law of Conservation of Energy
This law states that **energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only change forms.** The total amount of energy in an isolated system remains constant.

*   **In simple terms:** You cannot get energy from nothing. If a system does work or releases heat, it must lose an equivalent amount of internal energy.
*   **Example:** A car engine converts the chemical energy of gasoline into mechanical energy (movement) and thermal energy (heat). No energy is lost; it just changes form.

### 2. The Second Law: The Law of Entropy
This law states that **the total entropy (a measure of disorder or randomness) of an isolated system will always increase over time.** It also establishes that heat flows naturally from hotter objects to colder objects, never the reverse.

*   **In simple terms:** Things naturally progress from order to disorder. Natural processes are irreversible.
*   **Example:** If you drop a hot cup of coffee, the heat disperses into the cooler room. The room gets slightly warmer, but that heat will never spontaneously concentrate back into the coffee cup to make it hot again.

### 3. The Third Law: The Law of Absolute Zero
This law states that **as the temperature of a system approaches absolute zero (0 Kelvin, or -273.15°C / -459.67°F), the entropy of the system approaches a constant minimum.** For a perfect crystal, entropy becomes exactly zero at absolute zero.

*   **In simple terms:** It is impossible to cool any system down to absolute zero in a finite number of steps, because as you get closer, it becomes infinitely harder to remove the remaining heat. At absolute zero, all molecular motion stops.
*   **Example:** Scientists can get objects incredibly close to absolute zero (within billionths of a degree), but they can never reach absolute zero because some heat will always leak back in.

---

### *The "Bonus" Law: The Zeroth Law (Thermal Equilibrium)*
Scientists realized *after* the First and Second laws were established that a more fundamental law was needed to define temperature. Rather than renumbering the existing laws, they called it the **Zeroth Law**.

*   **What it states:** If System A is in thermal equilibrium with System B, and System B is in thermal equilibrium with System C, then System A is in thermal equilibrium with System C.
*   **In simple terms:** This is the law that makes thermometers work. If two objects are the same temperature as a third object, they are the same temperature as each other.

---

### The Famous "Humorous" Summary
Physicists often summarize the laws of thermodynamics as a game you cannot win:
*   **First Law:** You can't win. (You can't get more energy out than you put in).
*   **Second Law:** You can't break even. (You can't even get back all the energy you put in; some is always wasted as heat/entropy).
*   **Third Law:** You can't get out of the game. (You can't reach absolute zero to stop the process entirely).

{
  "candidates": [
    {
      "content": {
        "role": "model",
        "parts": [
          {
            "text": "While there are actually **four** fundamental laws of thermodynamics, they are numbered from Zero to Three. \n\nHere are the **Three Laws of Thermodynamics** (traditionally numbered 1, 2, and 3), followed by the \"Zeroth\" law which was added later.\n\n---\n\n### 1. The First Law: The Law of Conservation of Energy\nThis law states that **energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only change forms.** The total amount of energy in an isolated system remains constant.\n\n*   **In simple terms:** You cannot get energy from nothing. If a system does work or releases heat, it must lose an equivalent amount of internal energy.\n*   **Example:** A car engine converts the chemical energy of gasoline into mechanical energy (movement) and thermal energy (heat). No energy is lost; it just changes form.\n\n### 2. The Second Law: The Law of Entropy\nThis law states that **the total entropy (a measure of disorder or randomness) of an isolated system will always increase over time.** It also establishes that heat flows naturally from hotter objects to colder objects, never the reverse.\n\n*   **In simple terms:** Things naturally progress from order to disorder. Natural processes are irreversible.\n*   **Example:** If you drop a hot cup of coffee, the heat disperses into the cooler room. The room gets slightly warmer, but that heat will never spontaneously concentrate back into the coffee cup to make it hot again.\n\n### 3. The Third Law: The Law of Absolute Zero\nThis law states that **as the temperature of a system approaches absolute zero (0 Kelvin, or -273.15°C / -459.67°F), the entropy of the system approaches a constant minimum.** For a perfect crystal, entropy becomes exactly zero at absolute zero.\n\n*   **In simple terms:** It is impossible to cool any system down to absolute zero in a finite number of steps, because as you get closer, it becomes infinitely harder to remove the remaining heat. At absolute zero, all molecular motion stops.\n*   **Example:** Scientists can get objects incredibly close to absolute zero (within billionths of a degree), but they can never reach absolute zero because some heat will always leak back in.\n\n---\n\n### *The \"Bonus\" Law: The Zeroth Law (Thermal Equilibrium)*\nScientists realized *after* the First and Second laws were established that a more fundamental law was needed to define temperature. Rather than renumbering the existing laws, they called it the **Zeroth Law**.\n\n*   **What it states:** If System A is in thermal equilibrium with System B, and System B is in thermal equilibrium with System C, then System A is in thermal equilibrium with System C.\n*   **In simple terms:** This is the law that makes thermometers work. If two objects are the same temperature as a third object, they are the same temperature as each other.\n\n---\n\n### The Famous \"Humorous\" Summary\nPhysicists often summarize the laws of thermodynamics as a game you cannot win:\n*   **First Law:** You can't win. (You can't get more energy out than you put in).\n*   **Second Law:** You can't break even. (You can't even get back all the energy you put in; some is always wasted as heat/entropy).\n*   **Third Law:** You can't get out of the game. (You can't reach absolute zero to stop the process entirely).",
            "thoughtSignature": "AY89a1+rHsoYmr4zo13WFFuONc7LS9+Qb629kRUXpef5oP+4bGGaSf2xmaJWXalx2O5uR+EQFZlHljF5gb6Mn31zgECDUxQgGiKp5rAhsIc+IBnPfJ6QbH6qUqV5n7Iaukzos7PeLX5J7xiaY9dMO8MaNKvesuZhRiJcwDGMI92bT/b0V6p9yl7BCknjSN3jZli4jyb5ddybaUkxzXwEFfrq+dJY0hgEDxcqfVRzm+0hoS6P0TmZoQZnOOpEAnCFHjx7RoT2fNts9g+K2fRsI6s610dgVG45iLA98Q+X6Dm9KFdz1BEssA8eSxvI8/DQ80rIukWVtXObmSF8t7ih/4g3wqxUxWPCIsX+YbJzFQSOGxTu0jsb0ylYlsMo6FAAPHT6bQuvZomAzYCNM/aV5d+QuEjMwOxK+bzis9P1KOruCtQXDYLLn0njcnLYr9oue3VpePlVsdWE/xWctPvHMfFkEOLVZtBusfmpCog23D/FT31TRaXJJ5uPX1ehodosef9/IbLNSsNblj7rh9GY9RutafTW6tyzejedlmf4JGUUO6yLtQJ9gvhTGGPgkIsOrZyk9L0WFKLspIvckHH1ncvLPmD6acPPlNKbGpP7t27zpqpI3rA5emVHCB028swoklpCpkCbmq22nvfa+6Wxt2SpiIloQ6+gYtEQO/duPatUaIl171g6UVWkoi1ScADrFuNcnXjsug0Oka7sC4TT2dxVpZFyuokOAZmqXygHTJuAEcy5b6UgTOynUgB/CUNpixwewyDYFvmalRqyCeyHHHjStvtlrC5qW/nNWfP2ndZfU/FLK2RF/H1kytg0M8gqAiFLbFU9Of1/dKtGeUixnRmMdLJ1+SuBSiIPkRmI+1H1ihl1BETEhzU+G8j/wa1rCEjxxOLqjNXQWNkrT46ccczJZW4APNvpM5KYo9PgFFod2qSW5zCqsby+bCNunvCIvVH5nSk+JuAH7PD99hz/NIIyR/PNER7qW+sbHU5qEorIw5V4jfPzwu9/z48aZmiHvxVVmHM5LypBa9ZnRckcoNNf04ygmHPpy8ZpMNY/HphixsOymDebjPrGKcjfcuBECJ+yaFVBwK6Q8aQ4adm3CTmwfeBr6x7sj8MfthWsk2LDC3/JQ3vqLTcrzNJf4KsHGlDwTvpDJUKJOdtjGqQJGaPS+Etcrq8ORD/7F9FP4U51sYnCuXvX3Pne3ka7ZwXQlSa+6uH7tdAZIkZC42u+RB1VisNzYp6HL8UQDSzb/LZBYqXljS9jDE6lV1+hmiPIpkhY/URsih6Hb3VnfXpneri3zcOyhlb0YFh9zP8goGwxYQ9jDWra1HGh8n6yarYyn3A/EfuSOgLQlpZ6+G6jW71CZl8j0/ryIkAqSQIS+RkCCSD7hZbEdv4IyS8SF9dgDDTLx85U6XDhze3cPOPVfSpCHmCCYc8sZqbXBBuTh2eZU9gpbY1qFBD/QgSEYYV+XRsHvQECQ2FSZG+s1QPpdrLvrC5VpPR7Q4mgsgR4TQCYRFZ4JcYpqq+E/to7jQYMqzWYU267/crkffqXi0hGz89fasvqcNT0cZUS2BGMzFVNZaXUvMK4LQPkOtkZBtIXjIKMf/oT/EmhId2J2FYLq1y3qjJkvdQs/TZwQDP140YNgqv/k+oCP0Yv+kRARI4qVJeexLhqcdJYRN+eBt6s0TQbstGC3YgY7Cij8HtrFJ1ISXfUMPNfgfrYWp+F1Lx1BTCOhfXBzYGOaGCAtXV2kE0M7BRS/pjxO5t6SSC21WCP3EITpn554eUiwrVH9qGYu152c+jnxJw04ZNQT56Hl3VQeHHWojOi3eRLZoP9AYD7nFw3pTdnSQswnHeC0e8o4egHcODWRKg45BMM8PZNKsZmqPDtdJd1UK5ck91T0gRZcTWYE0GEPO3QGfa+DXFQSUqrLt3dpwNomEQztj/gobeyNx46LF6ywbNTM1dLdSHceQmYM7iu0DcrPxLtsumr/Z5LgxNkxqL4gt9jIJjQYKE6RKgGjiP9f/mLDx64Lr0NXLqS1YloGH9oW0R18L32c8bJwmocO6/m3nHl/KQ7lvtNE1kpLwxbvOzNvnBzU3UpGMgzfCavF+pyIFSMyDUGRwoQkXiUR8sKCxbKgAoQp1I/ttqbeOGulK01I0UNDoZ1vEFZ+QRDaFaCQdWemFF0Ffv8Q8oL6B2f10iFmBHtadnVD/wuRjL1vd0RpiNVtrwseh9vflPA09u66bB2npOg94srxNQcDuKIN5N94eXoObc++R17m6L4L78MF5wE7DwV20mQGTlveN6K6zPEr2rArXTziwFPaXGTCy7Kc0WNOCMylLVkVZdi7WyDmlQteR3qOwZwbOK8qpHa/75bHTyKuul+Qzq/Jc/SZSkCCOZxHjm3X2UKndo95cfMcp+q5AwA0FmISeIb79AXHmfQrr44G9D61Xu8sNOD6zki5oFEGYRrcpC6+gAv1d9KRain/gqZjJ84DjEMbIwIVWE/M7gaMkIEbGBzCNm5EMdc3BATHbEgzBjAgtCvYhP+a1cqgKvWMvu/3L5mg1MAEzlLKV9FGt4l45zDASXiJHb12xDkz6gDvzd4yES0NytklOlI8MGVkPEK1bJZRrhszoNO9UOqf0XVZYe0KijdlCTDG6REeNlQYx3SU8fFe/EsaxL1Xwu2GoBhgNuniByQZYL9hTJNmoSQdWVkp9Kdu+ff9HgRztXo5kXCUVMRErjmY54NRP/v1wVq6IPW43AY73s7hyvqZc9u11vqWjCN4BYjQJbC7l5tKFiYw2KuTDD7Bl5Gw5fSJJXb/GYixRqXXQDqqjyIRjy0YE0njjryuQOWwUXXioDLw1ejANKgsSY9sP/iWPp21Cbl0je5HdBpjT5wIv/Q+AibU+I1Q/bomZE0LJXXCJZ+68J78FG/lLHMZ9dlcEj5+PgfzZALWD6AXxPMBxe1j75RWj7+PaYZqABM5IpTuTr0pFHeAM3rEIhQo6VR3XtA3o+iQgUIoBdEOSJXbAVbIFDVQy9w5RAC/2NYzqcwlnP5P4quo6X4t/ZtATn3e/hY+H2J85nwE/cQap9drfZWo/WIUUXj0TVxOQ9DQeA11xmkQTmvve2vkWZbPFDd2fVGalnxLJx33AefwueoNvYh6++lyIMhWeTkCgt+eKTefZPk8cW/zNnGNJuTm8q9LUyT7oU0HuRSCdUbxJD+Lbb4oiREd6Hhm2vWM88z2bNJ0bl+/sHc+jksFuAOsXT4eK2kjzm9FmR90uAjP05d2/0Ii2A+Vli0DGezMVluvZ1ku6+Qnul/vdlPR7HsEypr3wUg/aAYrf37dT+f/bmSD3n6IkwnzeJu5K21Jy1cYC5Bczbl+xtxg00eSqryy76eUzb4gFYEBu/JuTHleicF/9IRSJgBXvmIeKB2YnUtTDtRg5LklPwaiT2GP83uTmCaU8rINZCJwzblTbKgxZw4i/ufMGfBzDaPJ8regwhUv20tPkthtDK2zz+kig8lVew22JHEEyAF0eYECoZ4ob6K+h2XnV3/+RIoplfW1+Oe9RiE1YqyoJs3y7r+nBV4uyC7E+rBBl4+sbSrbCnmn0eqI3DCC5plz3vS6Z0URWF0PS9ZszqZ0enhbnB75Kt6QzxWoo8k/6rq7dioUhjkzQpOycatWQS/riPefMIcrQp4wPT3jNtakph1B7czDHzTFMC/fPZLEUpMchVV+eyVdkAN6uNXjirK8k1rHvV5bPJFuDLJHWb380sVU+EtT6PxxRszrdgGvwDnWgpTT9HeQ4uYLLoPnQ8BckO5NmVZYA+ACPhEQgfGxLFFi9d6V0PsxlIB/Z7SHCSpTC1zgXL6aVfuy/jbmcFQvv7kDZviNCIZVu/dZ5eTS65SS215XZguMb2fQMofvOcfnMzWD2YDe+GQILg+k6O4qtsS9SKBfVh4CN6xW49TNFErUBCOlqcRDNwgIkeKubQlCilbgXxSJWSBITcB9HvupvCVgH+n0oWVvVIBuK21KMLadtyNKjLbfbGcdKyGE0FlVzdKFBZ7/QrGLo+ZZDwlrVu6bNR5MeCANiUInJ2EAQVyvVZTTEAX9QPauAJYxUpdzRyhie3uhfIGbDujMOsHcyoYBMAq6K6ZhlqHEzssBOKoGK+hI3fuHlCrzuLWtJnIk+6IZTrdRE7xojcXmttSfb2+j93QbD00sJbCBdyO9GtjO4gXY8osSfJRgzIvBd71EuLw8CAIfBPMGriT0o/xe7qgbkNUJJwMwFCP/6JBMlz+GXDzQPaakFBKFoUcbagujuB3hjMgj7H9aG5/bCZ1RZDqSEyAst7dVzLOv4R7P1x+7VYVH/E2bY00XYuwOxqFxCoiQdtodURHOSIPUsG2K/DYIFHQthdQCPRy/64G5A48KFyCDlZjdxJtkr6AgLOt+NA6QYYcrpjhQ1wKpbeM2p18i3gj8WAM3246QA3BDJXs4izLeNc5KG34LagEzEkL+FKaevRThg4Gkwx14WaJRGquDb8BZz80G7HfTvo19ZjlJLBBhr31lneKFIQmkZtR/qrSk5g7zW7riDmbEO9pWCRslXSjB/gER0JiCif76X
... response truncated ...

Examples

<details>

<summary>With System Instruction — Using a system instruction to set context</summary>

const response = await env.AI.run(
  'google/gemini-3.5-flash',
  {
    contents: [{ parts: [{ text: 'How do I read a JSON file in Python?' }], role: 'user' }],
    generationConfig: { temperature: 0.3 },
    systemInstruction: {
      parts: [{ text: 'You are a helpful coding assistant specializing in Python.' }],
    },
  },
)
console.log(response)

curl https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/accounts/$CLOUDFLARE_ACCOUNT_ID/ai/run \
  --header "Authorization: Bearer $CLOUDFLARE_API_TOKEN" \
  --header "Content-Type: application/json" \
  --data '{
  "model": "google/gemini-3.5-flash",
  "input": {
    "contents": [
      {
        "parts": [
          {
            "text": "How do I read a JSON file in Python?"
          }
        ],
        "role": "user"
      }
    ],
    "generationConfig": {
      "temperature": 0.3
    },
    "systemInstruction": {
      "parts": [
        {
          "text": "You are a helpful coding assistant specializing in Python."
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}'

``` To read a JSON file in Python, you should use the built-injson` module.

Here is the standard and most secure way to do it using a with statement (which ensures the file is properly closed after reading):

The Standard Method

```python import json