Gemini 3.6 Flash

Text Generation • Google

google/gemini-3.6-flash

• Third-party

Gemini 3.6 Flash provides sustained frontier-level intelligence optimized for real-world tasks at a higher speed and lower cost, excelling at code generation, agentic execution, and spatial reasoning.

Usage

const response = await env.AI.run(
  'google/gemini-3.6-flash',
  { contents: [{ parts: [{ text: 'What are the three laws of thermodynamics?' }], role: 'user' }] },
)
console.log(response)

curl https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/accounts/$CLOUDFLARE_ACCOUNT_ID/ai/run \
  --header "Authorization: Bearer $CLOUDFLARE_API_TOKEN" \
  --header "Content-Type: application/json" \
  --data '{
  "model": "google/gemini-3.6-flash",
  "input": {
    "contents": [
      {
        "parts": [
          {
            "text": "What are the three laws of thermodynamics?"
          }
        ],
        "role": "user"
      }
    ]
  }
}'

Although historically there are **three main laws of thermodynamics**, a foundational law was added later and named the "Zeroth Law." Therefore, physics actually recognizes **four laws** that govern how energy, heat, and work behave. 

Here is a breakdown of all of them, starting with the classic three, followed by the foundational Zeroth Law:

---

### 1. The First Law: Conservation of Energy
> **"Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only change forms."**

* **What it means:** The total amount of energy in an isolated system remains constant. You can convert thermal energy (heat) into mechanical energy (work), or chemical energy into electrical energy, but you can never end up with more energy than you started with.
* **Example:** In a car engine, the chemical energy in gasoline is converted into thermal energy (heat) through burning, which is then converted into mechanical energy (moving the car) and sound energy.

---

### 2. The Second Law: The Law of Entropy
> **"The total entropy (disorder) of an isolated system always increases over time."**

* **What it means:** Natural processes move toward disorder and randomness. This law explains the "arrow of time"—why processes are irreversible. It also dictates that heat will **always flow spontaneously from hotter objects to colder ones**, never the reverse, unless external work is applied.
* **Example:** If you drop an ice cube into a hot cup of coffee, the ice melts and the coffee cools down until they reach the same temperature. You will never see a lukewarm cup of coffee spontaneously separate into boiling liquid and an ice cube.

---

### 3. The Third Law: Absolute Zero
> **"As a system approaches absolute zero, its entropy approaches a constant minimum."**

* **What it means:** Absolute zero ($0\text{ Kelvin}$, or $-273.15^\circ\text{C}$ / $-459.67^\circ\text{F}$) is the theoretical temperature where all atomic motion completely stops. The third law states that a perfect, pure crystal at absolute zero has zero entropy (perfect order). Furthermore, it is physically impossible to actually reach absolute zero in a finite number of steps.
* **Example:** As you cool matter down closer and closer to absolute zero, its atoms slow down and become extremely organized, but you can never completely strip away all kinetic energy.

---

### Bonus: The Zeroth Law (Thermal Equilibrium)
*(Formulated after the First and Second laws, but deemed so fundamental it was placed "before" them)*

> **"If two systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third system, they are in thermal equilibrium with each other."**

* **What it means:** If Object A is the same temperature as Object B, and Object B is the same temperature as Object C, then Object A and Object C must also be the same temperature ($A = B$ and $B = C \implies A = C$). 
* **Why it matters:** This law gives us a practical definition of **temperature** and allows us to use thermometers.

---

### Summary Analogy (The "Game of Thermodynamics")
A famous, humorous way to remember these laws is:

* **Zeroth Law:** You have to play the game.
* **First Law:** You can't win; you can only break even (you can't get more energy out than you put in).
* **Second Law:** You can't even break even (because of entropy, you always lose some usable energy as waste heat).
* **Third Law:** You can't quit the game (you can never reach absolute zero).

{
  "candidates": [
    {
      "content": {
        "role": "model",
        "parts": [
          {
            "text": "Although historically there are **three main laws of thermodynamics**, a foundational law was added later and named the \"Zeroth Law.\" Therefore, physics actually recognizes **four laws** that govern how energy, heat, and work behave. \n\nHere is a breakdown of all of them, starting with the classic three, followed by the foundational Zeroth Law:\n\n---\n\n### 1. The First Law: Conservation of Energy\n> **\"Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only change forms.\"**\n\n* **What it means:** The total amount of energy in an isolated system remains constant. You can convert thermal energy (heat) into mechanical energy (work), or chemical energy into electrical energy, but you can never end up with more energy than you started with.\n* **Example:** In a car engine, the chemical energy in gasoline is converted into thermal energy (heat) through burning, which is then converted into mechanical energy (moving the car) and sound energy.\n\n---\n\n### 2. The Second Law: The Law of Entropy\n> **\"The total entropy (disorder) of an isolated system always increases over time.\"**\n\n* **What it means:** Natural processes move toward disorder and randomness. This law explains the \"arrow of time\"—why processes are irreversible. It also dictates that heat will **always flow spontaneously from hotter objects to colder ones**, never the reverse, unless external work is applied.\n* **Example:** If you drop an ice cube into a hot cup of coffee, the ice melts and the coffee cools down until they reach the same temperature. You will never see a lukewarm cup of coffee spontaneously separate into boiling liquid and an ice cube.\n\n---\n\n### 3. The Third Law: Absolute Zero\n> **\"As a system approaches absolute zero, its entropy approaches a constant minimum.\"**\n\n* **What it means:** Absolute zero ($0\\text{ Kelvin}$, or $-273.15^\\circ\\text{C}$ / $-459.67^\\circ\\text{F}$) is the theoretical temperature where all atomic motion completely stops. The third law states that a perfect, pure crystal at absolute zero has zero entropy (perfect order). Furthermore, it is physically impossible to actually reach absolute zero in a finite number of steps.\n* **Example:** As you cool matter down closer and closer to absolute zero, its atoms slow down and become extremely organized, but you can never completely strip away all kinetic energy.\n\n---\n\n### Bonus: The Zeroth Law (Thermal Equilibrium)\n*(Formulated after the First and Second laws, but deemed so fundamental it was placed \"before\" them)*\n\n> **\"If two systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third system, they are in thermal equilibrium with each other.\"**\n\n* **What it means:** If Object A is the same temperature as Object B, and Object B is the same temperature as Object C, then Object A and Object C must also be the same temperature ($A = B$ and $B = C \\implies A = C$). \n* **Why it matters:** This law gives us a practical definition of **temperature** and allows us to use thermometers.\n\n---\n\n### Summary Analogy (The \"Game of Thermodynamics\")\nA famous, humorous way to remember these laws is:\n\n* **Zeroth Law:** You have to play the game.\n* **First Law:** You can't win; you can only break even (you can't get more energy out than you put in).\n* **Second Law:** You can't even break even (because of entropy, you always lose some usable energy as waste heat).\n* **Third Law:** You can't quit the game (you can never reach absolute zero).",
            "thoughtSignature": "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
... response truncated ...

Examples

<details>

<summary>With System Instruction — Using a system instruction to set an agentic coding persona</summary>

const response = await env.AI.run(
  'google/gemini-3.6-flash',
  {
    contents: [
      {
        parts: [
          { text: 'Write a Python function that merges two sorted lists into one sorted list.' },
        ],
        role: 'user',
      },
    ],
    generationConfig: { temperature: 0.2 },
    systemInstruction: {
      parts: [
        {
          text: 'You are an expert software engineering agent. Write concise, correct, well-documented code.',
        },
      ],
    },
  },
)
console.log(response)

curl https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/accounts/$CLOUDFLARE_ACCOUNT_ID/ai/run \
  --header "Authorization: Bearer $CLOUDFLARE_API_TOKEN" \
  --header "Content-Type: application/json" \
  --data '{
  "model": "google/gemini-3.6-flash",
  "input": {
    "contents": [
      {
        "parts": [
          {
            "text": "Write a Python function that merges two sorted lists into one sorted list."
          }
        ],
        "role": "user"
      }
    ],
    "generationConfig": {
      "temperature": 0.2
    },
    "systemInstruction": {
      "parts": [
        {
          "text": "You are an expert software engineering agent. Write concise, correct, well-documented code."
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}'

```` Here is the standard two-pointer implementation, which achieves optimal $O(n + m)$ time complexity and $O(n + m)$ space complexity.

```python def merge_sorted_lists(list1: list, list2: list) -> list: """Merges two pre-sorted lists into a single sorted list.

Args:
    list1: A sorted list of elements.
    list2: A sorted list of elements.

Returns:
    A new sorted list containing all elements from list1 and list2.
"""
merged = []
i, j = 0, 0
len1, len2 = len(list1), len(list2)

# Compare elements from both lists and append the smaller one
while i < len1 and j < len2:
    if list1[i] <= list2[j]:
        merged.append(list1[i])
        i += 1
    else:
        merged.append(list2[j])
        j += 1

# Append any remaining elements from either list
merged.extend(list1[i:])
merged.extend(list2[j:])

return merged